{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2506905538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934637","title":"Measurement-Driven Methodology for Evaluating Processor Heterogeneity Options for Power-Performance Efficiency","display_name":"Measurement-Driven Methodology for Evaluating Processor Heterogeneity Options for Power-Performance Efficiency","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2506905538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934637","mag":"2506905538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2934583.2934637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934637","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2934637&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2934637&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028411609","display_name":"William J. Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-5986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William J. Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044824009","display_name":"Alper Buyuktosunoglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-8916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alper Buyuktosunoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015839075","display_name":"Chen-Yong Cher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Yong Cher","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009866527","display_name":"Pradip Bose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1380-5671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradip Bose","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"284","last_page":"289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7520499229431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.7075039744377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.6748312711715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5912033319473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.5780856013298035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5230254530906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-efficiency","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","score":0.49367937445640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-core","display_name":"Single-core","score":0.44115710258483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3233298063278198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.32273879647254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09983506798744202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7520499229431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.7075039744377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.6748312711715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5912033319473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.5780856013298035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5230254530906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118993495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042828","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","level":3,"score":0.49367937445640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25047934","display_name":"Single-core","level":2,"score":0.44115710258483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3233298063278198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.32273879647254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09983506798744202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2934583.2934637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934637","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2934637&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2934583.2934637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2934583.2934637","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2934637&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2016 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1945030456","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR0011-13-C-0022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2506905538.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2506905538.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972035196","https://openalex.org/W1974809793","https://openalex.org/W2006312753","https://openalex.org/W2020011734","https://openalex.org/W2034297532","https://openalex.org/W2042556025","https://openalex.org/W2043340768","https://openalex.org/W2045587521","https://openalex.org/W2046641658","https://openalex.org/W2079942837","https://openalex.org/W2095995766","https://openalex.org/W2099714261","https://openalex.org/W2105853930","https://openalex.org/W2140130374","https://openalex.org/W2150871235","https://openalex.org/W2169875292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126171302","https://openalex.org/W2967618079","https://openalex.org/W2142016460","https://openalex.org/W1971302051","https://openalex.org/W2151223307","https://openalex.org/W3041000698","https://openalex.org/W2406856881","https://openalex.org/W2085485158","https://openalex.org/W2276000909","https://openalex.org/W1964594690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,72,113,152],"generally":[2],"perceived":[3],"that":[4,64,124,131,213],"heterogeneous":[5,139,218],"multicore":[6],"processors":[7],"will":[8],"provide":[9,184],"better":[10,185,209,238],"performance":[11,186],"and":[12,84,129,145,192],"power":[13,188,193,210,239],"efficiency":[14,189,240],"over":[15],"conventional":[16],"homogeneous":[17,27,198,243],"cores.":[18,135],"However,":[19],"heterogeneity":[20,97,180,205,235],"can":[21,65],"also":[22],"be":[23],"achieved":[24],"within":[25],"a":[26,58,90,116],"core":[28,62,80,140,173,179],"design,":[29],"instantiated":[30],"under":[31,190],"different":[32,68,79,161],"voltage-frequency":[33,69],"settings":[34],"or":[35,187],"per-core":[36],"simultaneous":[37],"multi-treading":[38],"(SMT)":[39],"modes.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44,54],"pursue":[45],"an":[46],"architectural":[47],"study":[48,112],"motivated":[49],"by":[50,56,206],"the":[51,85,104,149,159,196,217,229,242],"question,":[52],"\"Can":[53],"get":[55],"with":[57,171,245],"single,":[59],"complex":[60,83,133,144],"SMT-equipped":[61],"design":[63],"operate":[66,220],"at":[67],"points?":[70],"Or,":[71],"it":[73,202],"mandatory":[74],"to":[75,94],"invest":[76],"into":[77],"two":[78,120,160,172],"types,":[81],"one":[82,123],"other":[86],"simple?\"":[87],"We":[88],"propose":[89],"systematic,":[91],"measurement-driven":[92],"methodology":[93],"evaluate":[95],"processor":[96,199,244],"options.":[98],"Our":[99,163],"analysis":[100,164],"particularly":[101],"focuses":[102],"on":[103,115],"domain":[105],"of":[106,119,138,143],"real-time":[107],"constrained":[108],"embedded":[109],"processors.":[110],"The":[111,136],"based":[114],"direct":[117],"measurement":[118],"real":[121],"processors;":[122],"uses":[125,132],"simple":[126,146,214],"in-order":[127],"cores,":[128],"another":[130],"out-of-order":[134],"effect":[137],"composition":[141],"(consisting":[142],"cores":[147,215,231],"in":[148,216,222],"same":[150],"chip)":[151],"analytically":[153],"projected":[154],"from":[155,158],"measurements":[156],"gleaned":[157],"systems.":[162],"yields":[165,236],"new":[166],"interesting":[167],"insights.":[168],"When":[169],"dealing":[170],"types":[174],"without":[175,225],"SMT":[176,226],"enabled,":[177],"true":[178,204,234],"does":[181],"not":[182],"necessarily":[183],"area":[191],"constraints.":[194],"If":[195,228],"complex-core":[197],"invokes":[200],"SMT,":[201,233],"outperforms":[203],"offering":[207],"28%":[208],"efficiency,":[211],"assuming":[212],"system":[219],"only":[221],"single-threaded":[223],"mode":[224],"capability.":[227],"small":[230],"employ":[232],"32%":[237],"than":[241],"SMT.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
