{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2367020057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2902961.2902983","title":"Design of Error-Resilient Logic Gates with Reinforcement Using Implications","display_name":"Design of Error-Resilient Logic Gates with Reinforcement Using Implications","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2367020057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2902961.2902983","mag":"2367020057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2902961.2902983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2902961.2902983","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2902983&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th edition on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2902983&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103646738","display_name":"Xijing Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xijing Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102005543","display_name":"Marco Donato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-3447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Donato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047635410","display_name":"R. Iris Bahar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-8527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Iris Bahar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056010209","display_name":"A. Zaslavsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-0271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Zaslavsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048547757","display_name":"William R. Patterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-3861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Patterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103646738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7351,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74048105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"191","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6647658348083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6391469836235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.6258678436279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6175407767295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5976475477218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.5240952372550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5167302489280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4840833246707916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/and-gate","display_name":"AND gate","score":0.4720880687236786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.47200748324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schmitt-trigger","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","score":0.4509914219379425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4182051420211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.41450950503349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3672627806663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2280915379524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2192191481590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20082694292068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13386577367782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11654916405677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.0866561233997345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6647658348083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6391469836235046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.6258678436279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6175407767295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5976475477218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5240952372550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5167302489280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4840833246707916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10418432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560370","display_name":"AND gate","level":3,"score":0.4720880687236786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47200748324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90201813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202957","display_name":"Schmitt trigger","level":3,"score":0.4509914219379425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4182051420211792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41450950503349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3672627806663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2280915379524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2192191481590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20082694292068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13386577367782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11654916405677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0866561233997345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2902961.2902983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2902961.2902983","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2902983&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th edition on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2902961.2902983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2902961.2902983","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2902983&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 26th edition on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4101497153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1525486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2367020057.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2367020057.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973256592","https://openalex.org/W2001814110","https://openalex.org/W2023329236","https://openalex.org/W2025516544","https://openalex.org/W2061566868","https://openalex.org/W2071068906","https://openalex.org/W2073939463","https://openalex.org/W2100669545","https://openalex.org/W2104122494","https://openalex.org/W2109808009","https://openalex.org/W2114830689","https://openalex.org/W2121760724","https://openalex.org/W2128971504","https://openalex.org/W2135407913","https://openalex.org/W2167865703","https://openalex.org/W2402617383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2218070245","https://openalex.org/W4293869128","https://openalex.org/W2534264993","https://openalex.org/W2909211499","https://openalex.org/W3119688974","https://openalex.org/W2060067973","https://openalex.org/W4321519815","https://openalex.org/W2762653771","https://openalex.org/W2946075430","https://openalex.org/W1967469573"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Operating":[0],"circuits":[1],"in":[2,87],"the":[3,11,37,51,109,122,129,132],"sub-threshold":[4,27],"region":[5],"can":[6,120],"save":[7],"power,":[8],"but":[9,102],"at":[10],"cost":[12],"of":[13,36],"higher":[14],"susceptibility":[15],"to":[16,45,74,83],"noise.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"analyzes":[20],"various":[21],"gate-level":[22],"error-mitigation":[23],"designs":[24],"appropriate":[25],"for":[26],"circuits.":[28],"Previous":[29],"works":[30],"have":[31],"proposed":[32],"a":[33],"modified":[34],"version":[35,125],"Schmitt":[38,123],"trigger":[39,124],"gate":[40,118],"that":[41,96,115],"uses":[42],"logic":[43,77],"implications":[44,95,107],"reinforce":[46,97],"correct":[47,76],"functional":[48],"behavior.":[49],"However,":[50],"increased":[52,56],"error":[53],"resilience":[54],"requires":[55],"area,":[57],"delay,":[58],"and":[59,70],"power":[60],"overhead.":[61],"To":[62],"address":[63],"these":[64,116],"shortcomings,":[65],"we":[66,90],"introduce":[67],"two":[68,100],"alternative":[69,117],"less":[71],"costly":[72],"approaches":[73],"reinforcing":[75],"behavior":[78],"via":[79],"implications.":[80],"In":[81],"addition,":[82],"provide":[84],"more":[85,104],"flexibility":[86],"implication":[88],"selection,":[89],"consider":[91],"not":[92],"just":[93],"simple":[94],"relationships":[98],"between":[99],"signals,":[101],"also":[103],"complex":[105],"3-signal":[106],"within":[108],"circuit.":[110],"Our":[111],"simulation":[112],"results":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"structures":[119],"outperform":[121],"as":[126,128],"long":[127],"noise":[130],"on":[131],"reinforcement":[133],"signals":[134],"themselves":[135],"is":[136],"sufficiently":[137],"low.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}