{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2345317019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2898353","title":"Toward Robotic Robbery on the Touch Screen","display_name":"Toward Robotic Robbery on the Touch Screen","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2345317019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2898353","mag":"2345317019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2898353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2898353","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2898353&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2898353&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014177748","display_name":"Abdul Serwadda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Serwadda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Tech University, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Tech University, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071471344","display_name":"Vir V. Phoha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5390-8253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vir V. Phoha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081883145","display_name":"Zibo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-7867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919208787","display_name":"Louisiana Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q9esz89","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I919208787"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zibo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919208787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101522245","display_name":"Rajesh Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7467-5762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046965565","display_name":"Diksha Shukla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3740-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diksha Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, NY"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014177748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8336,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9514437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swipe","display_name":"SwIPe","score":0.9264100193977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7645164728164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6964882016181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6617358922958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5912747979164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5462401509284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.4958589971065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4749886095523834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.43945014476776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3652428984642029}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779623668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7652842","display_name":"SwIPe","level":2,"score":0.9264100193977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7645164728164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6964882016181946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6617358922958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5912747979164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5462401509284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.4958589971065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4749886095523834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.43945014476776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3652428984642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2898353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2898353","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2898353&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2898353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2898353","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2898353&type=pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2642811","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","issn_l":"1094-9224","issn":["1094-9224","1557-7406"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information and System Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2512622807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8750-13-2-0274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5954017191","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1527795","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2345317019.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2345317019.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385227","https://openalex.org/W168503743","https://openalex.org/W1506281249","https://openalex.org/W1626992774","https://openalex.org/W1964160137","https://openalex.org/W1969590972","https://openalex.org/W1976081290","https://openalex.org/W1984665551","https://openalex.org/W1990009902","https://openalex.org/W1992370357","https://openalex.org/W2037840628","https://openalex.org/W2038152467","https://openalex.org/W2052279280","https://openalex.org/W2074367177","https://openalex.org/W2078053307","https://openalex.org/W2096295229","https://openalex.org/W2106212873","https://openalex.org/W2107589078","https://openalex.org/W2117141284","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2126871739","https://openalex.org/W2151854612","https://openalex.org/W2404603298","https://openalex.org/W2535614671","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2966207845","https://openalex.org/W4302866247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158820730","https://openalex.org/W2398889655","https://openalex.org/W2536378363","https://openalex.org/W2549484948","https://openalex.org/W4205559861","https://openalex.org/W1547097662","https://openalex.org/W2311597590","https://openalex.org/W2435456187","https://openalex.org/W2668140649","https://openalex.org/W2400364057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,7,75,85,103,119,122,137,142,150,165,174],"tremendous":[2],"amount":[3],"of":[4,9,15,72,114],"research":[5,23],"fronting":[6],"use":[8],"touch":[10,104],"gestures":[11],"as":[12,162,173],"a":[13,51,56,69,92,111],"mechanism":[14],"continuous":[16],"authentication":[17,157,178],"on":[18,48,65,81,98,102],"smart":[19],"phones,":[20],"very":[21],"little":[22],"has":[24],"been":[25],"conducted":[26],"to":[27,100,129,133,136,155,163,170],"evaluate":[28],"how":[29,99],"these":[30],"systems":[31],"could":[32],"behave":[33],"if":[34],"attacked":[35],"by":[36,91,131],"sophisticated":[37],"adversaries.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"article,":[41],"we":[42,116],"present":[43],"two":[44],"Lego-driven":[45],"robotic":[46],"attacks":[47,88,120],"touch-based":[49,156,177],"authentication:":[50],"population":[52,60,71],"statistics--driven":[53,61],"attack":[54,62,77,167],"and":[55,110,158],"user-tailored":[57,76],"attack.":[58,146],"The":[59,147],"is":[63,78,96],"based":[64,80],"patterns":[66],"gleaned":[67],"from":[68,84],"large":[70,112],"users,":[73,115],"whereas":[74],"launched":[79,90],"samples":[82],"stolen":[83],"victim.":[86],"Both":[87],"are":[89],"Lego":[93],"robot":[94],"that":[95,118,152],"trained":[97],"swipe":[101],"screen.":[105],"Using":[106],"seven":[107],"verification":[108],"algorithms":[109],"dataset":[113],"show":[117],"cause":[121],"system\u2019s":[123],"mean":[124,138],"false":[125],"acceptance":[126],"rate":[127],"(FAR)":[128],"increase":[130],"up":[132],"fivefold":[134],"relative":[135],"FAR":[139],"seen":[140],"under":[141],"standard":[143],"zero-effort":[144,166],"impostor":[145],"article":[148],"demonstrates":[149],"threat":[151],"robots":[153],"pose":[154],"provides":[159],"compelling":[160],"evidence":[161],"why":[164],"should":[168],"cease":[169],"be":[171],"used":[172],"benchmark":[175],"for":[176],"systems.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
