{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2399535694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2897937.2906199","title":"Invited - Cross-layer approximate computing: from logic to architectures","display_name":"Invited - Cross-layer approximate computing: from logic to architectures","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2399535694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2897937.2906199","mag":"2399535694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2897937.2906199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2897937.2906199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005190949","display_name":"Muhammad Shafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000809180","display_name":"Rehan Hafiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-3068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rehan Hafiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology University (ITU), Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology University (ITU), Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058712739","display_name":"Semeen Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-0949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"TU Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Semeen Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden (TUD), Dresden, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden (TUD), Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034823828","display_name":"Walaa El-Harouni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walaa El-Harouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063508488","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Henkel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-2922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Henkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005190949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":162,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99043674,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7619609832763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.7492082118988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.5248808264732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.5228386521339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4770840108394623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.43611234426498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.43505141139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.41740643978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.39497941732406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3509199917316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1489778459072113}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7619609832763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.7492082118988037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5248808264732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5228386521339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4770840108394623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.43611234426498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.43505141139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.41740643978118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.39497941732406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3509199917316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1489778459072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2897937.2906199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2897937.2906199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492552760","https://openalex.org/W1579004116","https://openalex.org/W1966914504","https://openalex.org/W1997922385","https://openalex.org/W1998305460","https://openalex.org/W1998917233","https://openalex.org/W2005865544","https://openalex.org/W2018667656","https://openalex.org/W2020827807","https://openalex.org/W2026005150","https://openalex.org/W2034349555","https://openalex.org/W2035378788","https://openalex.org/W2036816792","https://openalex.org/W2045294186","https://openalex.org/W2057434193","https://openalex.org/W2076536455","https://openalex.org/W2081215702","https://openalex.org/W2081942292","https://openalex.org/W2086309060","https://openalex.org/W2088055313","https://openalex.org/W2104578404","https://openalex.org/W2106484393","https://openalex.org/W2111548085","https://openalex.org/W2111783218","https://openalex.org/W2114837206","https://openalex.org/W2119299853","https://openalex.org/W2121069160","https://openalex.org/W2124616298","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2142096775","https://openalex.org/W2142883190","https://openalex.org/W2155458498","https://openalex.org/W2167872527","https://openalex.org/W2171894735","https://openalex.org/W2187230075","https://openalex.org/W2188276367","https://openalex.org/W2242525806","https://openalex.org/W2244395066","https://openalex.org/W2244803248","https://openalex.org/W2245436538","https://openalex.org/W2245951155","https://openalex.org/W2346750789","https://openalex.org/W2395491504","https://openalex.org/W2401836885","https://openalex.org/W2404305894","https://openalex.org/W3147234326","https://openalex.org/W4231809507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390550886","https://openalex.org/W3217463396","https://openalex.org/W2790557758","https://openalex.org/W2516396101","https://openalex.org/W3204929712","https://openalex.org/W4295102875","https://openalex.org/W2300671402","https://openalex.org/W2015457513","https://openalex.org/W4312888585","https://openalex.org/W2533938775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,26],"present":[1],"a":[2,28,45,56,140,144],"survey":[3],"of":[4,31,40,47,59,101,127,155],"approximate":[5,17,41,69,105,109,120,136,149],"techniques":[6],"and":[7,24,35,51,55,81,103,113,123,130],"discuss":[8],"concepts":[9],"for":[10],"building":[11],"power-/energy-efficient":[12],"computing":[13,137,150],"components":[14,138],"reaching":[15],"from":[16],"accelerators":[18],"to":[19,33,62,117,147],"arithmetic":[20,79,110,121],"blocks":[21,111,122],"(like":[22],"adders":[23],"multipliers).":[25],"provide":[27],"systematical":[29],"understanding":[30],"how":[32],"generate":[34],"explore":[36],"the":[37,72,75,82,88],"design":[38,60],"space":[39],"components,":[42],"which":[43],"enables":[44],"wide-range":[46],"power/energy,":[48],"performance,":[49],"area":[50],"output":[52],"quality":[53],"tradeoffs,":[54],"high":[57],"degree":[58],"flexibility":[61],"facilitate":[63],"their":[64],"design.":[65],"To":[66],"enable":[67],"cross-layer":[68],"computing,":[70],"bridging":[71],"gap":[73],"between":[74],"logic":[76],"layer":[77,84],"(i.e.":[78],"blocks)":[80],"architecture":[83],"(and":[85],"even":[86],"considering":[87],"software":[89],"layers)":[90],"is":[91,133],"crucial.":[92],"Towards":[93],"this":[94,96],"end,":[95],"paper":[97],"introduces":[98],"open-source":[99],"libraries":[100],"low-power":[102],"high-performance":[104],"components.":[106],"The":[107,135],"elementary":[108],"(adder":[112],"multiplier)":[114],"are":[115,139],"used":[116],"develop":[118],"multi-bit":[119],"accelerators.":[124],"An":[125],"analysis":[126],"data-driven":[128],"resilience":[129],"error":[131],"propagation":[132],"discussed.":[134],"first":[141],"steps":[142],"towards":[143],"systematic":[145],"approach":[146],"introduce":[148],"paradigms":[151],"at":[152],"all":[153],"levels":[154],"abstractions.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
