{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2338117301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2896387.2900330","title":"Investigating the impact of black-hole attack on hierarchical protocols and direct transmission in WSN","display_name":"Investigating the impact of black-hole attack on hierarchical protocols and direct transmission in WSN","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2338117301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2896387.2900330","mag":"2338117301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2896387.2900330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2896387.2900330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of things and Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016893958","display_name":"Mohammed Fihri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fihri Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108103029","display_name":"El Fatimi Youssef","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"El Fatimi Youssef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hnini Abedehalim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hnini Abedehalim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011832565","display_name":"Abdellah Ezzati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-0661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ezzati Abdellah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Sci. &amp; Technol., LAVETE Lab., Hassan 1er, Univ., Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5908,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71528184,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7028046250343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7019080519676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6882188320159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-drop-attack","display_name":"Packet drop attack","score":0.6388524174690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6290781497955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5663366317749023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5254339575767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","score":0.4406636655330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.43399739265441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.33104413747787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1670060157775879}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7028046250343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7019080519676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6882188320159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35546906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2900718","display_name":"Packet drop attack","level":5,"score":0.6388524174690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6290781497955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5663366317749023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5254339575767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50341732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880302","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","level":5,"score":0.4406636655330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.43399739265441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.33104413747787476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1670060157775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2896387.2900330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2896387.2900330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of things and Cloud Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50514980","https://openalex.org/W1587417959","https://openalex.org/W2039612273","https://openalex.org/W2078403694","https://openalex.org/W2097965741","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2122652872","https://openalex.org/W2167799093","https://openalex.org/W2326829877","https://openalex.org/W2755525785","https://openalex.org/W4249314969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017017061","https://openalex.org/W2221751701","https://openalex.org/W2765293204","https://openalex.org/W2186020449","https://openalex.org/W1557263371","https://openalex.org/W3116615970","https://openalex.org/W2125459098","https://openalex.org/W2226934102","https://openalex.org/W2795339160","https://openalex.org/W2997892586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,46],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,39],"describe":[4],"the":[5,29,35,43,51,58],"impact":[6],"of":[7,31,48],"black-hole":[8],"attack":[9],"on":[10],"LEACH":[11],"protocol":[12],"and":[13,19,38,54],"direct":[14],"transmission":[15],"using":[16,50],"C++":[17],"language":[18],"some":[20],"tools":[21],"from":[22,45],"ns3.":[23],"The":[24],"results":[25],"are":[26],"showed":[27],"in":[28,57],"number":[30],"packet":[32],"received":[33],"by":[34],"base":[36],"station;":[37],"try":[40],"to":[41],"protect":[42],"network":[44,49],"type":[47],"minimum":[52],"energy":[53],"less":[55],"modification":[56],"original":[59],"algorithm.":[60]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
