{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2231500087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2884781.2884860","title":"PAC learning-based verification and model synthesis","display_name":"PAC learning-based verification and model synthesis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2231500087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2884781.2884860","mag":"2231500087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2884781.2884860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2884781.2884860","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048614307","display_name":"Yu\u2010Fang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2872-0336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84653119","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Fang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056752928","display_name":"Chiao Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-9915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiao Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063557188","display_name":"Ond\u0159ej Leng\u00e1l","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3038-5875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60587646","display_name":"Brno University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03613d656","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ond\u0159ej Leng\u00e1l","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brno University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brno University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083736082","display_name":"Tsung-Ju Lii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Ju Lii","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103341619","display_name":"Ming-Hsien Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7621-7981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84653119","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Hsien Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023111671","display_name":"Bow-Yaw Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-545X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84653119","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bow-Yaw Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012264141","display_name":"Farn Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farn Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048614307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94646387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"714","last_page":"724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.9293181896209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8109914064407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undecidable-problem","display_name":"Undecidable problem","score":0.7574700117111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalence","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","score":0.6547679901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probably-approximately-correct-learning","display_name":"Probably approximately correct learning","score":0.6244619488716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.5799552798271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5256391763687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4674836993217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4330027401447296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.406259149312973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3927197754383087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.370698481798172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.36457252502441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.15188559889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-learning-theory","display_name":"Algorithmic learning theory","score":0.12282669544219971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11867779493331909}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.9293181896209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8109914064407349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192034797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502995","display_name":"Undecidable problem","level":3,"score":0.7574700117111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780069185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7977945","display_name":"Equivalence (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.6547679901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176248197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458526","display_name":"Probably approximately correct learning","level":4,"score":0.6244619488716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.5799552798271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5256391763687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4674836993217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4330027401447296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.406259149312973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3927197754383087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.370698481798172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.36457252502441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.15188559889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32254414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4724364","display_name":"Algorithmic learning theory","level":3,"score":0.12282669544219971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11867779493331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153269930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430001","display_name":"Decidability","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2884781.2884860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2884781.2884860","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98666333","https://openalex.org/W158079281","https://openalex.org/W1520252399","https://openalex.org/W1560643704","https://openalex.org/W1573881032","https://openalex.org/W1970630090","https://openalex.org/W1989445634","https://openalex.org/W2009489720","https://openalex.org/W2019363670","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2098039922","https://openalex.org/W2107089133","https://openalex.org/W2129538349","https://openalex.org/W2130826964","https://openalex.org/W2139709458","https://openalex.org/W2140606869","https://openalex.org/W2161253570","https://openalex.org/W2163499368","https://openalex.org/W2168798915","https://openalex.org/W2296684448","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4238893454","https://openalex.org/W7071003126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120230527","https://openalex.org/W4288621333","https://openalex.org/W2911462610","https://openalex.org/W3097218026","https://openalex.org/W4390481443","https://openalex.org/W1999451828","https://openalex.org/W4240644524","https://openalex.org/W2950268783","https://openalex.org/W2965350305","https://openalex.org/W3089320218"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,30,55],"novel":[3],"technique":[4,14],"for":[5],"verification":[6,94],"and":[7,32,50,80,90],"model":[8,22,36,49,101],"synthesis":[9],"of":[10,23,26,70],"sequential":[11],"programs.":[12],"Our":[13,61],"is":[15,54,64],"based":[16,66],"on":[17,67],"learning":[18,42,62],"an":[19,38],"approximate":[20],"regular":[21],"the":[24,48,51,68,86,93,100,103],"set":[25],"feasible":[27],"paths":[28],"in":[29,58,113],"program,":[31,52],"testing":[33],"whether":[34],"this":[35],"contains":[37],"incorrect":[39],"behavior.":[40],"Exact":[41],"algorithms":[43],"require":[44],"checking":[45],"equivalence":[46],"between":[47],"which":[53,76],"difficult":[56],"problem,":[57],"general":[59],"undecidable.":[60],"procedure":[63,97],"therefore":[65],"framework":[69],"probably":[71],"approximately":[72],"correct":[73],"(PAC)":[74],"learning,":[75],"uses":[77],"sampling":[78],"instead,":[79],"provides":[81],"correctness":[82,105],"guarantees":[83],"expressed":[84],"using":[85],"terms":[87],"error":[88],"probability":[89],"confidence.":[91],"Besides":[92],"result,":[95],"our":[96],"also":[98],"outputs":[99],"with":[102],"said":[104],"guarantees.":[106],"Obtained":[107],"preliminary":[108],"experiments":[109],"show":[110],"encouraging":[111],"results,":[112],"some":[114],"cases":[115],"even":[116],"outperforming":[117],"mature":[118],"software":[119],"verifiers.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
