{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2283554803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2880150","title":"Fifty years of operating systems","display_name":"Fifty years of operating systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2283554803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2880150","mag":"2283554803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2880150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2880150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042447314","display_name":"Peter J. Denning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5278-2305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Denning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042447314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1581,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80069427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"3","first_page":"30","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.7980999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.7980999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.7871999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49691203236579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3219648599624634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49691203236579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3219648599624634}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2880150","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2880150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055502953","https://openalex.org/W2090253464","https://openalex.org/W2100021838","https://openalex.org/W4366064528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601407282","https://openalex.org/W2382986841","https://openalex.org/W2354060507","https://openalex.org/W1505619784","https://openalex.org/W2371792015","https://openalex.org/W1509840194","https://openalex.org/W2049274697","https://openalex.org/W2388417751","https://openalex.org/W1867542889","https://openalex.org/W2374742111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"recent":[1],"celebration":[2],"of":[3,6],"50":[4],"years":[5],"operating":[7],"system":[8],"research":[9],"yields":[10],"lessons":[11],"for":[12,18],"all":[13],"professionals":[14],"in":[15],"designing":[16],"offers":[17],"their":[19],"clients.":[20]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}