{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2273457068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2846680.2846688","title":"Comparing transitive to non-transitive object immutability","display_name":"Comparing transitive to non-transitive object immutability","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2273457068","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2846680.2846688","mag":"2273457068"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2846680.2846688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2846680.2846688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Evaluation and Usability of Programming Languages and Tools","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044646652","display_name":"Michael Coblenz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-4069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Coblenz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039972599","display_name":"Joshua Sunshine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-5297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Sunshine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005887313","display_name":"Brad A. Myers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-0219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brad A. Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110701470","display_name":"Sam Weber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114772536","display_name":"Software Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xqjjn94","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114772536","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Weber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Institute, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114772536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027573308","display_name":"Forrest Shull","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114772536","display_name":"Software Engineering Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xqjjn94","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114772536","https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Forrest Shull","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Institute, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Institute, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114772536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044646652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09125,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"47","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immutability","display_name":"Immutability","score":0.9875566959381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-relation","display_name":"Transitive relation","score":0.89491868019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7861748933792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7455633878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.6706699728965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5868010520935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.5747031569480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scala","display_name":"Scala","score":0.4891662895679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-closure","display_name":"Transitive closure","score":0.435286283493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39515721797943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15926438570022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15744352340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.0820358395576477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776126399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3942906","display_name":"Immutability","level":3,"score":0.9875566959381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191399111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64861","display_name":"Transitive relation","level":2,"score":0.89491868019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7861748933792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7455633878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.6706699728965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5868010520935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.5747031569480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109701466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460584","display_name":"Scala","level":3,"score":0.4891662895679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128896722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501387","display_name":"Transitive closure","level":2,"score":0.435286283493042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39515721797943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15926438570022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15744352340698242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0820358395576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2846680.2846688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2846680.2846688","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Evaluation and Usability of Programming Languages and Tools","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111544394","https://openalex.org/W2116304133","https://openalex.org/W2137956345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553139688","https://openalex.org/W2371151875","https://openalex.org/W2136009070","https://openalex.org/W2362009423","https://openalex.org/W2391133415","https://openalex.org/W2012063573","https://openalex.org/W2123627450","https://openalex.org/W4230967508","https://openalex.org/W203725150","https://openalex.org/W3152234666"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"programming":[1],"languages":[2],"provide":[3,31,58],"features":[4],"that":[5,25],"express":[6],"restrictions":[7],"on":[8],"which":[9,62],"data":[10],"structures":[11],"can":[12,47,65],"be":[13,40],"changed.":[14],"For":[15],"example,":[16],"C++":[17],"includes":[18,22],"const":[19],"and":[20],"Java":[21],"final.":[23],"Languages":[24],"are":[26,75],"in":[27,61,86],"widespread":[28],"use":[29],"typically":[30],"non-transitive":[32],"immutability:":[33],"when":[34],"a":[35,77],"reference":[36,49,67],"is":[37],"specified":[38],"to":[39,82],"immutable":[41,63,69],"or":[42],"read-only,":[43],"the":[44,84],"object":[45],"referenced":[46],"still":[48],"mutable":[50],"structures.":[51],"However,":[52],"some":[53,72],"languages,":[54,57],"particularly":[55],"research":[56],"transitive":[59],"immutability,":[60],"objects":[64,70],"only":[66],"other":[68],"(with":[71],"exceptions).":[73],"We":[74],"designing":[76],"lab":[78],"study":[79],"of":[80],"programmers":[81],"elucidate":[83],"differences":[85],"programmer":[87],"effectiveness":[88],"between":[89],"these":[90],"two":[91],"approaches.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}