{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2278179621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2837614.2837657","title":"Scaling network verification using symmetry and surgery","display_name":"Scaling network verification using symmetry and surgery","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2278179621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2837614.2837657","mag":"2278179621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2837614.2837657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2837614.2837657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070609290","display_name":"Gordon Plotkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8496-6096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gordon D. Plotkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091080723","display_name":"Nikolaj Bj\u00f8rner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-2810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaj Bj\u00f8rner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088560717","display_name":"Nuno P. Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3160-1672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno P. Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044737952","display_name":"Andrey Rybalchenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Rybalchenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102730096","display_name":"George Varghese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-5701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Varghese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070609290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98229096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"69","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7792388200759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.658970832824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.6232967376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.47315582633018494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.47228509187698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bisimulation","display_name":"Bisimulation","score":0.42492833733558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4206390976905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3844410479068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.36600643396377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.26083844900131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17827823758125305}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7792388200759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.658970832824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.6232967376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.47315582633018494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.47228509187698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135315306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866364","display_name":"Bisimulation","level":2,"score":0.42492833733558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4206390976905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3844410479068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.36600643396377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26083844900131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17827823758125305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2837614.2837657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2837614.2837657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/741ab4ee-ac58-4731-ae25-0ad225882b91","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2837614.2837657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400321","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","host_organization_name":"University of Edinburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7710831","https://openalex.org/W95959045","https://openalex.org/W158224344","https://openalex.org/W258022877","https://openalex.org/W1249296113","https://openalex.org/W1461485317","https://openalex.org/W1503973138","https://openalex.org/W1519313080","https://openalex.org/W1562915062","https://openalex.org/W1567034568","https://openalex.org/W1588422495","https://openalex.org/W1675033504","https://openalex.org/W1728798265","https://openalex.org/W1882012874","https://openalex.org/W1903445364","https://openalex.org/W1972065960","https://openalex.org/W1986022261","https://openalex.org/W2006553351","https://openalex.org/W2042876806","https://openalex.org/W2047339217","https://openalex.org/W2051714560","https://openalex.org/W2064322639","https://openalex.org/W2104259843","https://openalex.org/W2115526539","https://openalex.org/W2116322260","https://openalex.org/W2118686544","https://openalex.org/W2130210899","https://openalex.org/W2133671968","https://openalex.org/W2151517515","https://openalex.org/W2157114307","https://openalex.org/W2180601376","https://openalex.org/W2188073520","https://openalex.org/W2465388983","https://openalex.org/W3103361075","https://openalex.org/W4246461308","https://openalex.org/W4255282609","https://openalex.org/W6630104300","https://openalex.org/W6632301074","https://openalex.org/W6686667945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1948103674","https://openalex.org/W3095160120","https://openalex.org/W4287742608","https://openalex.org/W3039941228","https://openalex.org/W4238456476","https://openalex.org/W2346489414","https://openalex.org/W1522536236","https://openalex.org/W2583954723","https://openalex.org/W1778149536","https://openalex.org/W9733037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"the":[1,61,76,82,88,94,203,207],"surface,":[2],"large":[3,217],"data":[4],"centers":[5],"with":[6,37,159,220],"about":[7,221],"100,000":[8,222],"stations":[9],"and":[10,18,56,69,85,118,157,182,239],"nearly":[11],"a":[12,53,57,64,70,133,165,216],"million":[13],"routing":[14],"rules":[15,114],"are":[16,25,115],"complex":[17],"hard":[19],"to":[20,66,153,185,244],"verify.":[21],"However,":[22],"these":[23,46,128],"networks":[24,156],"highly":[26],"regular":[27],"by":[28,41,201],"design;":[29],"for":[30],"example":[31],"they":[32],"employ":[33],"fat":[34],"tree":[35],"topologies":[36],"backup":[38,123],"routers":[39],"interconnected":[40],"redundant":[42,107],"patterns.":[43],"To":[44],"exploit":[45,100],"regularities,":[47],"we":[48,59,145],"introduce":[49],"network":[50,62,68,83,98,101,119,196,219],"transformations:":[51],"given":[52],"reachability":[54,226],"formula":[55,78,90],"network,":[58],"transform":[60],"into":[63],"simpler":[65],"verify":[67],"corresponding":[71],"transformed":[72,89,95],"formula,":[73],"such":[74],"that":[75,147,194],"original":[77],"is":[79,91,130,164],"valid":[80,92],"in":[81,93,167,187,215,236,246],"if":[84,87],"only":[86],"network.":[96],"Our":[97,162],"transformations":[99,129,154,197],"surgery":[102],"(in":[103,178],"which":[104,228],"irrelevant":[105],"or":[106,113],"sets":[108],"of":[109,127,136,170,205,212],"nodes,":[110],"headers,":[111],"ports,":[112],"``sliced''":[116],"away)":[117],"symmetry":[120],"(say":[121],"between":[122,209],"routers).":[124],"The":[125],"validity":[126],"established":[131],"using":[132,140],"formal":[134],"theory":[135],"networks.":[137,189],"In":[138],"particular,":[139],"Van":[141],"Benthem-Hennessy-Milner":[142],"style":[143],"bisimulation,":[144],"show":[146],"one":[148],"can":[149,198,233,240],"generally":[150],"associate":[151],"bisimulations":[152],"connecting":[155],"formulas":[158],"their":[160],"transforms.":[161],"work":[163],"development":[166],"an":[168],"area":[169],"current":[171],"wide":[172],"interest:":[173],"applying":[174],"programming":[175],"language":[176],"techniques":[177],"our":[179,195],"case":[180],"bisimulation":[181],"modal":[183],"logic)":[184],"problems":[186],"switching":[188],"We":[190],"provide":[191],"experimental":[192],"evidence":[193],"speed":[199],"up":[200],"65x":[202],"task":[204],"verifying":[206],"communication":[208],"all":[210],"pairs":[211],"Virtual":[213],"Machines":[214],"datacenter":[218],"VMs.":[223],"An":[224],"all-pair":[225],"calculation,":[227],"formerly":[229],"took":[230],"5.5":[231],"days,":[232],"be":[234,241],"done":[235],"2":[237],"hours,":[238],"easily":[242],"parallelized":[243],"complete":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}