{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2296250034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834899.2834901","title":"Trends in system cost and performance balances and implications for the future of HPC","display_name":"Trends in system cost and performance balances and implications for the future of HPC","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2296250034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834899.2834901","mag":"2296250034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2834899.2834901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834899.2834901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Hardware-Software Co-Design for High Performance Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061731648","display_name":"John D. McCalpin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2535-1355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388891828","display_name":"Texas Advanced Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00xg4bh43","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388891828","https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John D. McCalpin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Advanced Computing Center, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Advanced Computing Center, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388891828"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061731648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388891828"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17897809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x86","display_name":"x86","score":0.8125017881393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.775558352470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7132272124290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6815576553344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commodity","display_name":"Commodity","score":0.6033486127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5126284956932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4774532914161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.4125172197818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3773094117641449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.24998199939727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.20940256118774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09420433640480042}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170723468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182933","display_name":"x86","level":3,"score":0.8125017881393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.775558352470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7132272124290466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6815576553344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.6033486127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5126284956932068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4774532914161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.4125172197818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3773094117641449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.24998199939727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.20940256118774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09420433640480042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2834899.2834901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834899.2834901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Hardware-Software Co-Design for High Performance Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384867379","https://openalex.org/W3215381467","https://openalex.org/W4400094300","https://openalex.org/W2915956107","https://openalex.org/W2329539859","https://openalex.org/W2099986681","https://openalex.org/W2227905990","https://openalex.org/W4301207796","https://openalex.org/W2765823764","https://openalex.org/W4846490"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"the":[1,51,55,64,67,73,78,81],"last":[2],"decade,":[3],"HPC":[4],"systems":[5,56],"have":[6],"been":[7],"dominated":[8],"by":[9],"clusters":[10],"of":[11,33,50,54,66,69,80],"two-socket":[12],"commodity":[13],"x86":[14],"servers,":[15],"typically":[16],"equipped":[17],"with":[18,72],"a":[19,127],"non-commodity":[20],"high-performance":[21],"interconnect.":[22],"Trends":[23],"in":[24,63,77],"lifecycle":[25],"costs":[26],"and":[27,35,38,76,96,98,109,134,144],"prices,":[28],"hardware":[29,132],"technology,":[30],"several":[31,45],"measures":[32],"CPU":[34],"memory":[36],"performance,":[37],"application":[39,70],"performance":[40,71,91],"characteristics":[41],"are":[42,94,104],"presented":[43],"using":[44],"non-traditional":[46],"perspectives.":[47],"The":[48],"evolution":[49],"various":[52],"\"balances\"":[53],"over":[57],"time":[58],"is":[59,100,119],"discussed":[60],"---":[61],"both":[62],"context":[65,79],"interaction":[68],"changing":[74],"hardware,":[75],"broader":[82],"economic":[83],"environment.":[84],"Several":[85],"serious":[86],"obstacles":[87,124],"to":[88,131,140],"maintaining":[89],"previous":[90],"growth":[92],"rates":[93],"identified":[95],"discussed,":[97],"it":[99],"argued":[101,120],"that":[102,121],"these":[103,123],"better":[105],"viewed":[106],"as":[107,114,137,139],"architectural":[108],"market":[110],"issues,":[111],"rather":[112],"than":[113],"fundamental":[115],"technology":[116],"issues.":[117],"It":[118],"overcoming":[122],"will":[125],"require":[126],"fundamentally":[128],"different":[129],"approach":[130],"architecture":[133],"programming":[135],"languages,":[136],"well":[138],"system":[141],"configuration,":[142],"deployment,":[143],"allocation":[145],"strategies.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}