{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2293605433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834050.2834095","title":"Handling a trillion (unfixable) flaws on a billion devices","display_name":"Handling a trillion (unfixable) flaws on a billion devices","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2293605433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834050.2834095","mag":"2293605433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2834050.2834095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834050.2834095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053547414","display_name":"Tianlong Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianlong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079175103","display_name":"Vyas Sekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-8976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vyas Sekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088871947","display_name":"Srinivasan Seshan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-2066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinivasan Seshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071257070","display_name":"Yuvraj Agarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9304-6080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuvraj Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003999919","display_name":"Chenren Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-2596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenren Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["CECA Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CECA Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053547414"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.8276,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":310,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99781383,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7940596342086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6990931034088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vendor","display_name":"Vendor","score":0.5592442154884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5525243878364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.49434661865234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4713549017906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.4679758846759796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.4421963393688202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.37496232986450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.27731776237487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1903955340385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.153006911277771}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7940596342086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6990931034088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.5592442154884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5525243878364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.49434661865234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4713549017906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.4679758846759796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.4421963393688202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.37496232986450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.27731776237487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1903955340385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.153006911277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2834050.2834095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2834050.2834095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1435010830","https://openalex.org/W1544095305","https://openalex.org/W1546956568","https://openalex.org/W1553037668","https://openalex.org/W1590752147","https://openalex.org/W1674877186","https://openalex.org/W1765564603","https://openalex.org/W1976652907","https://openalex.org/W2011316745","https://openalex.org/W2042033151","https://openalex.org/W2069755704","https://openalex.org/W2095450067","https://openalex.org/W2107633422","https://openalex.org/W2119812052","https://openalex.org/W2121805588","https://openalex.org/W2404193357","https://openalex.org/W2589488234","https://openalex.org/W3137654308","https://openalex.org/W3160978791","https://openalex.org/W4299301436","https://openalex.org/W6635235395","https://openalex.org/W6638707856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336014427","https://openalex.org/W139145738","https://openalex.org/W3007862567","https://openalex.org/W3189398647","https://openalex.org/W4221020382","https://openalex.org/W2495229164","https://openalex.org/W4390155408","https://openalex.org/W2592164127","https://openalex.org/W2494428682","https://openalex.org/W2372811817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet-of-Things":[1],"(IoT)":[2],"has":[3,25],"quickly":[4],"moved":[5],"from":[6],"the":[7,43,74,89,103],"realm":[8],"of":[9,15,36,76],"hype":[10],"to":[11,53,93,113,117,132,151,159],"reality":[12],"with":[13,33,73],"estimates":[14],"over":[16],"25":[17],"billion":[18],"devices":[19,40],"deployed":[20],"by":[21],"2020.":[22],"While":[23],"IoT":[24,77,100,114],"huge":[26],"potential":[27],"for":[28,127],"societal":[29],"impact,":[30],"it":[31],"comes":[32],"a":[34,95,157],"number":[35],"key":[37,123],"security":[38,59,81,120,128,163],"challenges---IoT":[39],"can":[41,50],"become":[42],"entry":[44],"points":[45],"into":[46],"critical":[47,96],"infrastructures":[48],"and":[49,83,108,135,138,141,155],"be":[51],"exploited":[52],"leak":[54],"sensitive":[55],"information.":[56],"Traditional":[57],"host-centric":[58],"solutions":[60],"in":[61,98,147],"today's":[62],"IT":[63],"ecosystems":[64],"(e.g.,":[65,78],"antivirus,":[66],"software":[67],"patches)":[68],"are":[69],"fundamentally":[70],"at":[71],"odds":[72],"realities":[75],"poor":[79],"vendor":[80],"practices":[82],"constrained":[84],"hardware).":[85],"We":[86],"argue":[87],"that":[88],"network":[90,119],"will":[91],"have":[92],"play":[94],"role":[97],"securing":[99],"deployments.":[101],"However,":[102],"scale,":[104],"diversity,":[105],"cyberphysical":[106],"coupling,":[107],"cross-device":[109],"use":[110],"cases":[111],"inherent":[112],"require":[115],"us":[116],"rethink":[118],"along":[121],"three":[122],"dimensions:":[124],"(1)":[125],"abstractions":[126],"policies;":[129],"(2)":[130],"mechanisms":[131],"learn":[133],"attack":[134],"normal":[136],"profiles;":[137],"(3)":[139],"dynamic":[140],"context-aware":[142],"enforcement":[143],"capabilities.":[144],"Our":[145],"goal":[146],"this":[148,161],"paper":[149],"is":[150],"highlight":[152],"these":[153],"challenges":[154],"sketch":[156],"roadmap":[158],"avoid":[160],"impending":[162],"disaster.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-05-29T09:21:14.243279","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
