{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2250217037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2832911","title":"Simultaneous Multi-Layer Access","display_name":"Simultaneous Multi-Layer Access","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2250217037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2832911","mag":"2250217037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2832911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2832911","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2832911?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2832911?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101991475","display_name":"Donghyuk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9572-5391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donghyuk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036666743","display_name":"Saugata Ghose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-0613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saugata Ghose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007585346","display_name":"Gennady Pekhimenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3839-0919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gennady Pekhimenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070152284","display_name":"Samira Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-3034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samira Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050695684","display_name":"Onur Mutlu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0075-2312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onur Mutlu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101991475"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4109,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99096702,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.9396049380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7659055590629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.739744246006012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.6573092341423035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense-amplifier","display_name":"Sense amplifier","score":0.4972989857196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cas-latency","display_name":"CAS latency","score":0.47402244806289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-bandwidth","display_name":"Memory bandwidth","score":0.4531753659248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-memory","display_name":"High memory","score":0.41209110617637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4098402261734009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3191448152065277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21045523881912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.18917417526245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.14709407091140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-controller","display_name":"Memory controller","score":0.12634426355361938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.9396049380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7659055590629578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.739744246006012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6573092341423035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32666082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7450979","display_name":"Sense amplifier","level":3,"score":0.4972989857196808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189930140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112878","display_name":"CAS latency","level":4,"score":0.47402244806289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188045654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17148339","display_name":"Memory bandwidth","level":2,"score":0.4531753659248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5757597","display_name":"High memory","level":2,"score":0.41209110617637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4098402261734009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3191448152065277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21045523881912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.18917417526245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.14709407091140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100800780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1175867","display_name":"Memory controller","level":3,"score":0.12634426355361938}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2832911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2832911","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2832911?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2832911","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2832911","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2832911?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1136768637","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1320531","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1204106305","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0953246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1546379000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1212962","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1893416732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0953246, 1212962, 1320531, 1409723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G429767436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Intel Science and Technology Center for Cloud Computing","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","funder_display_name":"Intel Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G490593687","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Intel","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5180482914","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1409723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316785","display_name":"VMware","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250217037.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250217037.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1176638284","https://openalex.org/W1496414880","https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W1574985978","https://openalex.org/W1578894366","https://openalex.org/W1964316448","https://openalex.org/W1965522623","https://openalex.org/W1970426108","https://openalex.org/W1982063824","https://openalex.org/W1983178358","https://openalex.org/W1992487929","https://openalex.org/W2003312212","https://openalex.org/W2007929622","https://openalex.org/W2020460319","https://openalex.org/W2022038016","https://openalex.org/W2028675360","https://openalex.org/W2032512814","https://openalex.org/W2034861439","https://openalex.org/W2035720033","https://openalex.org/W2043634607","https://openalex.org/W2071208935","https://openalex.org/W2092207361","https://openalex.org/W2098040113","https://openalex.org/W2100913437","https://openalex.org/W2101865620","https://openalex.org/W2103397328","https://openalex.org/W2107304970","https://openalex.org/W2109292926","https://openalex.org/W2110090002","https://openalex.org/W2114299127","https://openalex.org/W2115172404","https://openalex.org/W2118703320","https://openalex.org/W2119092821","https://openalex.org/W2122577223","https://openalex.org/W2128310110","https://openalex.org/W2129381159","https://openalex.org/W2129513794","https://openalex.org/W2129991978","https://openalex.org/W2131413854","https://openalex.org/W2132269953","https://openalex.org/W2134633067","https://openalex.org/W2135965542","https://openalex.org/W2142875853","https://openalex.org/W2143807959","https://openalex.org/W2145930457","https://openalex.org/W2150196852","https://openalex.org/W2154502576","https://openalex.org/W2154656016","https://openalex.org/W2155702343","https://openalex.org/W2158620667","https://openalex.org/W2159515198","https://openalex.org/W2159908132","https://openalex.org/W2162838417","https://openalex.org/W2164586147","https://openalex.org/W2165473669","https://openalex.org/W2170257519","https://openalex.org/W2233523872","https://openalex.org/W2490707660","https://openalex.org/W2537002257","https://openalex.org/W2540952785","https://openalex.org/W2739659756","https://openalex.org/W3082894236","https://openalex.org/W3100461726","https://openalex.org/W3112784795","https://openalex.org/W3139689176","https://openalex.org/W3140772298","https://openalex.org/W3147974890","https://openalex.org/W4206782120","https://openalex.org/W4230104114","https://openalex.org/W4233735179","https://openalex.org/W4236382111","https://openalex.org/W4238816702","https://openalex.org/W4239813889"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154176871","https://openalex.org/W4293430534","https://openalex.org/W2342813629","https://openalex.org/W3150934690","https://openalex.org/W4297812927","https://openalex.org/W2335743642","https://openalex.org/W1607126780","https://openalex.org/W2900372418","https://openalex.org/W2149142646","https://openalex.org/W3022440123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D-stacked":[0,49,61,152,170,352],"DRAM":[1,62,74,123,148,171,182,187,207,285,314],"alleviates":[2],"the":[3,32,40,48,54,65,70,73,78,115,118,126,136,146,163,180,196,199,206,230,253,291,308,319],"limited":[4,41,89],"memory":[5,23],"bandwidth":[6,34,43,59,116,132,183,197,231],"bottleneck":[7,55,133],"that":[8,53,138,198,239,265,328],"exists":[9],"in":[10,60,125,150],"modern":[11],"systems":[12],"by":[13,36,134,184,255,302,317],"leveraging":[14],"through":[15],"silicon":[16],"vias":[17],"(TSVs)":[18],"to":[19,39,56,111,222,259],"deliver":[20,227],"higher":[21,33,58,269,323],"external":[22],"channel":[24,204],"bandwidth.":[25],"Today\u2019s":[26],"systems,":[27],"however,":[28],"cannot":[29],"fully":[30],"utilize":[31],"offered":[35],"TSVs,":[37],"due":[38],"internal":[42,181],"within":[44,120],"each":[45,212,257,278],"layer":[46,124,243,258,279],"of":[47,87,93,117,158,195,225,263,293,307,322,340],"DRAM.":[50],"We":[51,129,166,218],"identify":[52],"enabling":[57],"is":[63],"now":[64],"global":[66,83,98,101,140],"bitline":[67,84,141],"interface":[68,85,119],",":[69,104],"connection":[71],"between":[72],"row":[75],"buffer":[76],"and":[77,90,95,100,283,334],"peripheral":[79],"IO":[80],"circuits.":[81],"The":[82],"consists":[86],"a":[88,121,156,168,233,237,245,260,268,274,338,350],"expensive":[91],"set":[92,262],"wires":[94],"structures,":[96],"called":[97,173],"bitlines":[99],"sense":[102],"amplifiers":[103],"whose":[105],"high":[106],"cost":[107],"makes":[108],"it":[109],"difficult":[110],"simply":[112],"scale":[113],"up":[114],"single":[122],"3D":[127],"stack.":[128],"alleviate":[130],"this":[131],"exploiting":[135],"observation":[137],"several":[139],"interfaces":[142],"already":[143],"exist":[144],"across":[145,310,337],"multiple":[147,186],"layers":[149,188,208],"current":[151],"designs,":[153],"but":[154],"only":[155,241],"fraction":[157],"them":[159],"are":[160],"enabled":[161],"at":[162,244,267],"same":[164],"time.":[165,246],"propose":[167,219],"new":[169],"architecture,":[172],"Simultaneous":[174],"Multi-Layer":[175],"Access":[176],"(SMLA),":[177],"which":[178,226],"increases":[179],"accessing":[185],"concurrently,":[189],"thus":[190],"making":[191],"much":[192],"greater":[193],"use":[194],"TSVs":[200,254,264,309],"offer.":[201],"To":[202],"avoid":[203],"contention,":[205],"must":[209],"coordinate":[210],"with":[211,290,354],"other":[213],"when":[214],"simultaneously":[215],"transferring":[216],"data.":[217],"two":[220],"approaches":[221],"coordination,":[223],"both":[224,300],"four":[228],"times":[229],"for":[232,277,345],"four-layer":[234],"DRAM,":[235,353],"over":[236,349],"baseline":[238,351],"accesses":[240],"one":[242],"Our":[247,295,325],"first":[248],"approach,":[249,297],"Dedicated-IO,":[250],"statically":[251],"partitions":[252],"assigning":[256],"dedicated":[261],"operate":[266],"frequency.":[270],"Unfortunately,":[271],"Dedicated-IO":[272],"requires":[273],"nonuniform":[275],"design":[276],"(increasing":[280],"manufacturing":[281],"costs),":[282],"its":[284],"energy":[286,315,335],"consumption":[287,316],"scales":[288],"linearly":[289],"number":[292],"layers.":[294,311,324],"second":[296],"Cascaded-IO,":[298],"solves":[299],"issues":[301],"instead":[303],"time":[304],"multiplexing":[305],"all":[306],"Cascaded-IO":[312],"reduces":[313],"lowering":[318],"operating":[320],"frequency":[321],"evaluations":[326],"show":[327],"SMLA":[329],"provides":[330],"significant":[331],"performance":[332],"improvement":[333],"reduction":[336],"variety":[339],"workloads":[341],"(55%/18%":[342],"on":[343],"average":[344],"multiprogrammed":[346],"workloads,":[347],"respectively)":[348],"low":[355],"overhead.":[356]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
