{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2235495043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2830772.2830797","title":"Rubik","display_name":"Rubik","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2235495043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2830772.2830797","mag":"2235495043"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2830772.2830797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2830772.2830797","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International Symposium on Microarchitecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001327470","display_name":"Harshad Kasture","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harshad Kasture","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074400916","display_name":"Davide B. Bartolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0212-2224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide B. Bartolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008156365","display_name":"Nathan Beckmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-714X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Beckmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023312480","display_name":"Daniel S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-2904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001327470"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.1989,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":139,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98808084,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"598","last_page":"610"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.7930769920349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7791188955307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7204076051712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6153700351715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-server","display_name":"Web server","score":0.4971192181110382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percentile","display_name":"Percentile","score":0.4201645851135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2286800742149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13793042302131653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.7930769920349121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7791188955307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7204076051712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6153700351715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11392498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288","display_name":"Web server","level":3,"score":0.4971192181110382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.4201645851135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2286800742149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13793042302131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2830772.2830797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2830772.2830797","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International Symposium on Microarchitecture","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2737549900","display_name":"SHF:Small:Scalable Memory Hierarchies with Fine-Grained QoS Guarantees","funder_award_id":"1318384","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309327","display_name":"Google","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1979979548","https://openalex.org/W1982063824","https://openalex.org/W1982463304","https://openalex.org/W1990884219","https://openalex.org/W1992864846","https://openalex.org/W1997025365","https://openalex.org/W1997374610","https://openalex.org/W1998663979","https://openalex.org/W1998983218","https://openalex.org/W2006337640","https://openalex.org/W2023214828","https://openalex.org/W2024946198","https://openalex.org/W2027177485","https://openalex.org/W2046107229","https://openalex.org/W2050974892","https://openalex.org/W2053362661","https://openalex.org/W2056099894","https://openalex.org/W2061574886","https://openalex.org/W2061884403","https://openalex.org/W2067354926","https://openalex.org/W2067701356","https://openalex.org/W2070525241","https://openalex.org/W2072861102","https://openalex.org/W2073965851","https://openalex.org/W2076726871","https://openalex.org/W2086724906","https://openalex.org/W2098395496","https://openalex.org/W2100346277","https://openalex.org/W2101360724","https://openalex.org/W2107276343","https://openalex.org/W2108387401","https://openalex.org/W2113235308","https://openalex.org/W2114153586","https://openalex.org/W2116175063","https://openalex.org/W2117299787","https://openalex.org/W2119234384","https://openalex.org/W2124807415","https://openalex.org/W2127643746","https://openalex.org/W2127748654","https://openalex.org/W2133181071","https://openalex.org/W2134807578","https://openalex.org/W2138574538","https://openalex.org/W2142875853","https://openalex.org/W2143835304","https://openalex.org/W2144553551","https://openalex.org/W2144857621","https://openalex.org/W2146352293","https://openalex.org/W2150139096","https://openalex.org/W2155101824","https://openalex.org/W2159793853","https://openalex.org/W2160121678","https://openalex.org/W2163982689","https://openalex.org/W2165663045","https://openalex.org/W2167756728","https://openalex.org/W2323110450","https://openalex.org/W2466405623","https://openalex.org/W2616747538","https://openalex.org/W2751555667","https://openalex.org/W2950991829","https://openalex.org/W4231427385","https://openalex.org/W4247231796","https://openalex.org/W4251765081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2626999804","https://openalex.org/W4250004941","https://openalex.org/W2736202444","https://openalex.org/W2049015391","https://openalex.org/W2137014442","https://openalex.org/W1533158771","https://openalex.org/W122082928","https://openalex.org/W2104288289","https://openalex.org/W2521397622","https://openalex.org/W4294067941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Latency-critical":[0],"workloads":[1,22],"(e.g.,":[2,11],"web":[3],"search),":[4],"common":[5],"in":[6,40],"datacenters,":[7],"require":[8],"stable":[9],"tail":[10],"95th":[12],"percentile)":[13],"latencies":[14],"of":[15,38],"a":[16],"few":[17],"milliseconds.":[18],"Servers":[19],"running":[20],"these":[21,29],"are":[23],"kept":[24],"lightly":[25],"loaded":[26],"to":[27],"meet":[28],"stringent":[30],"latency":[31],"targets.":[32],"This":[33],"low":[34],"utilization":[35],"wastes":[36],"billions":[37],"dollars":[39],"energy":[41],"and":[42],"equipment":[43],"annually.":[44]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-28T09:10:13.091523","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
