{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2286339407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2824864.2824886","title":"SEMONTOQA","display_name":"SEMONTOQA","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2286339407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2824864.2824886","mag":"2286339407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2824864.2824886","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2824864.2824886","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation on - FIRE '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18013","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037995016","display_name":"Md Moinul Hoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4835-6367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21803372","display_name":"University of \u00c9vora","ror":"https://ror.org/02gyps716","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21803372"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md Moinul Hoque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Evora, Evora, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Evora, Evora, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21803372"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028531406","display_name":"Paulo Quaresma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5086-059X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21803372","display_name":"University of \u00c9vora","ror":"https://ror.org/02gyps716","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21803372"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Quaresma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Evora, Evora, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Evora, Evora, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21803372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037995016"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21803372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83339003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"10","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8450213670730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.7796323299407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6178911924362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5413832664489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.5366684198379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5241646766662598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.4778589606285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.47287341952323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4623824954032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.45155322551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-ontology","display_name":"Formal ontology","score":0.4281577467918396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4096962809562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.25386950373649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.21169805526733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10842746496200562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8450213670730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.7796323299407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6178911924362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5413832664489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.5366684198379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5241646766662598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.4778589606285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.47287341952323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4623824954032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.45155322551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437388","display_name":"Formal ontology","level":4,"score":0.4281577467918396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4096962809562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.25386950373649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.21169805526733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10842746496200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2824864.2824886","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2824864.2824886","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation on - FIRE '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/18013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/18013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10376690","https://openalex.org/W86295895","https://openalex.org/W161113304","https://openalex.org/W1508977358","https://openalex.org/W1512840853","https://openalex.org/W1546195864","https://openalex.org/W1549951060","https://openalex.org/W1591659308","https://openalex.org/W1602667807","https://openalex.org/W1964162497","https://openalex.org/W1969245183","https://openalex.org/W1986641982","https://openalex.org/W1999678553","https://openalex.org/W2016015328","https://openalex.org/W2038721957","https://openalex.org/W2042719229","https://openalex.org/W2050273484","https://openalex.org/W2070246124","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2109563594","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2129545984","https://openalex.org/W2148283386","https://openalex.org/W2148488947","https://openalex.org/W2151149636","https://openalex.org/W2156233801","https://openalex.org/W2157700224","https://openalex.org/W2176445182","https://openalex.org/W2250861254","https://openalex.org/W3140009346","https://openalex.org/W4235505822","https://openalex.org/W4249534269","https://openalex.org/W4255492838","https://openalex.org/W6600103469","https://openalex.org/W6683237652","https://openalex.org/W7027717352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134247745","https://openalex.org/W4226243593","https://openalex.org/W3172691639","https://openalex.org/W2963582704","https://openalex.org/W3157284875","https://openalex.org/W2259406085","https://openalex.org/W2099715052","https://openalex.org/W4226247999","https://openalex.org/W4213176082","https://openalex.org/W2147241511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,6,15,43,149,177],"outline":[4],"of":[5,70,74,107,120,153,187,230,233,241,256,272],"Ontological":[7,224],"and":[8,36,49,61,113,134,192,202],"Se-":[9],"mantic":[10],"understanding-based":[11,211],"model":[12,24,47,80,282],"(SEMONTOQA)":[13],"for":[14,57,206,238],"open-domain":[16],"factoid":[17,75],"Question":[18],"Answering":[19],"(QA)":[20],"system.":[21,294],"The":[22,46,78,127,173,276],"outlined":[23],"analyses":[25],"unstructured":[26,83],"English":[27],"natural":[28],"lan-":[29],"guage":[30],"texts":[31,84],"to":[32,116,142,148,159,164,245,268],"a":[33,63,86,94,105,124,130,169,220,231,247,250,288],"vast":[34],"extent":[35],"represents":[37],"the":[38,55,82,118,121,144,157,166,184,189,216,228,254,260,270,273],"inherent":[39],"con-":[40],"tents":[41],"in":[42,123,168,219,259],"ontological":[44],"manner.":[45,172],"locates":[48],"ex-":[50],"tracts":[51],"useful":[52],"information":[53],"from":[54],"text":[56,145,167,190],"various":[58],"question":[59,212],"types":[60],"builds":[62],"semantically":[64],"rich":[65],"knowledge-base":[66],"that":[67,91],"is":[68,243,266],"capable":[69],"answering":[71,207],"different":[72,239],"categories":[73],"ques-":[76],"tions.":[77],"system":[79,128,158,174],"converts":[81],"into":[85],"minimalistic,":[87],"labelled,":[88],"directed":[89],"graph":[90],"we":[92],"call":[93],"Syntactic":[95],"Sentence":[96],"Graph":[97],"(SSG).":[98],"An":[99,223],"Automatic":[100],"Text":[101,109,179],"In-":[102],"terpreter":[103],"using":[104],"set":[106,232,255],"pre-learnt":[108],"Interpretation":[110],"Sub-":[111],"graphs":[112],"patterns":[114],"tries":[115],"understand":[117,165],"contents":[119,191],"SSG":[122],"semantic":[125,221,289],"way.":[126,222],"proposes":[129],"new":[131],"fea-":[132],"ture":[133],"action":[135],"based":[136,291],"Cognitive":[137],"Entity-Relationship":[138],"Net-":[139],"work":[140],"designed":[141],"extend":[143],"understanding":[146,290],"process":[147],"in-depth":[150],"level.":[151],"Application":[152],"supervised":[154],"learning":[155],"allows":[156],"gradually":[160],"grow":[161],"its":[162],"capability":[163],"more":[170],"fruitful":[171],"incorpo-":[175],"rates":[176],"effective":[178],"Inference":[180],"Engine":[181],"which":[182],"takes":[183],"re-":[185],"sponsibility":[186],"inferring":[188],"isolating":[193],"enti-":[194],"ties,":[195],"their":[196],"features,":[197],"actions,":[198],"objects,":[199],"associated":[200],"contexts":[201],"other":[203],"properties,":[204],"required":[205],"questions.":[208],"A":[209],"similar":[210],"processing":[213],"module":[214],"interprets":[215],"user\u2019s":[217],"need":[218],"Mapping":[225],"Module,":[226],"with":[227,253],"help":[229],"pre-defined":[234],"strategies":[235],"de-":[236],"signed":[237],"classes":[240],"questions,":[242],"able":[244],"perform":[246],"mapping":[248],"between":[249],"question\u2019s":[251],"ontology":[252],"ontologies":[257],"stored":[258],"background":[261],"knowledge-base.":[262],"Em-":[263],"pirical":[264],"verification":[265],"performed":[267],"show":[269,279],"usability":[271],"proposed":[274],"model.":[275],"results":[277],"achieved":[278],"that,":[280],"this":[281],"can":[283],"be":[284],"used":[285],"effectively":[286],"as":[287],"alternative":[292],"QA":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}