{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4238631751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2820615","title":"RAIDShield","display_name":"RAIDShield","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4238631751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2820615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2820615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2820615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158124317","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","issn_l":"1553-3077","issn":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000037489","display_name":"Ao Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040245156","display_name":"Rachel Traylor","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Traylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation and University of Texas at Arlington, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation and University of Texas at Arlington, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069996857","display_name":"Fred Douglis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-0339"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred Douglis","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052308645","display_name":"Mark Chamness","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Chamness","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062515720","display_name":"Guanlin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9735-8521"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanlin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004815668","display_name":"Darren Sawyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darren Sawyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMC Corporation, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113566644","display_name":"Surendar Chandra","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surendar Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Datrium, Inc., Santa Clara, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Datrium, Inc., Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112516579","display_name":"Windsor Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133587","display_name":"Discovery Air (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/030tp6t18","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133587"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Windsor Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Datrium, Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Datrium, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3118,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96836896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raid","display_name":"RAID","score":0.9768919944763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8267967700958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6195142269134521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4704752564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.34366559982299805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133320665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179299","display_name":"RAID","level":2,"score":0.9768919944763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8267967700958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6195142269134521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4704752564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.34366559982299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2820615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2820615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158124317","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","issn_l":"1553-3077","issn":["1553-3077","1553-3093"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Storage","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22807665","https://openalex.org/W1969254402","https://openalex.org/W1973056013","https://openalex.org/W1983485506","https://openalex.org/W2030250129","https://openalex.org/W2043719859","https://openalex.org/W2055670512","https://openalex.org/W2074707294","https://openalex.org/W2076294573","https://openalex.org/W2114739461","https://openalex.org/W2119381450","https://openalex.org/W2119738171","https://openalex.org/W2120396387","https://openalex.org/W2141041105","https://openalex.org/W2147853062","https://openalex.org/W2157762234","https://openalex.org/W2169422590","https://openalex.org/W2293030740","https://openalex.org/W2913598742","https://openalex.org/W3003768237","https://openalex.org/W4238584892","https://openalex.org/W4248578633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390562010","https://openalex.org/W2033512842","https://openalex.org/W4322734194","https://openalex.org/W1607054433","https://openalex.org/W3005535424","https://openalex.org/W4233600955","https://openalex.org/W2913665393","https://openalex.org/W2994319598","https://openalex.org/W2369695847","https://openalex.org/W2110842462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"storage":[1,61],"systems":[2,18],"orchestrate":[3],"a":[4,33,45,174,188,205],"group":[5,190],"of":[6,25,29,36,48,56,95,113,130,157,164,176,207,237,244,259,273,299],"disks":[7,31,70,201],"to":[8,21,78,139,154,182,192,235,266,276,313],"achieve":[9],"their":[10],"performance":[11],"and":[12,120,133,151,172,184,253,302],"reliability":[13],"goals.":[14],"Even":[15],"though":[16],"such":[17],"are":[19,137,162],"designed":[20,107,171],"withstand":[22],"the":[23,54,88,128,178,233,257,271,296],"failure":[24,28,42,180,208],"individual":[26,212],"disks,":[27],"multiple":[30,194,268],"poses":[32],"unique":[34],"set":[35],"challenges.":[37],"We":[38,81,218,240],"empirically":[39],"investigate":[40],"disk":[41,57,73,85,132,159,196,213,260,307],"data":[43,64,284],"from":[44,71],"large":[46],"number":[47],"production":[49],"systems,":[50,231],"specifically":[51],"focusing":[52],"on":[53,59],"impact":[55],"failures":[58,86],"RAID":[60,166,189],"systems.":[62],"Our":[63],"covers":[65],"about":[66],"one":[67],"million":[68],"SATA":[69],"six":[72],"models":[74],"for":[75,279],"periods":[76],"up":[77],"5":[79],"years.":[80],"show":[82],"how":[83,186],"observed":[84,153],"weaken":[87],"protection":[89,144],"provided":[90],"by":[91],"RAID.":[92],"The":[93],"count":[94],"reallocated":[96,300],"sectors":[97,301],"correlates":[98],"strongly":[99],"with":[100,242],"impending":[101],"failures.":[102,167,315],"With":[103],"these":[104],"findings":[105],"we":[106,117,169,293],"RAIDS":[108,249],"hield":[109,250],",":[110,292],"which":[111,161,198],"consists":[112],"two":[114],"components.":[115],"First,":[116],"have":[118,170],"built":[119],"evaluated":[121],"an":[122,287,310],"active":[123],"defense":[124],"mechanism":[125],"that":[126,136,202,222,285,295],"monitors":[127],"health":[129],"each":[131],"replaces":[134],"those":[135],"predicted":[138],"fail":[140],"imminently.":[141],"This":[142],"proactive":[143],"has":[145],"been":[146],"incorporated":[147],"into":[148],"our":[149],"product":[150],"is":[152,191,214,265],"eliminate":[155],"88%":[156],"triple":[158,238],"errors,":[160],"80%":[163],"all":[165],"Second,":[168],"simulated":[173],"method":[175],"using":[177],"joint":[179],"probability":[181],"quantify":[183],"predict":[185,314],"likely":[187],"face":[193],"simultaneous":[195],"failures,":[197],"can":[199,225],"identify":[200,227],"collectively":[203],"represent":[204],"risk":[206],"even":[209],"when":[210],"no":[211],"flagged":[215],"in":[216,220,247,256],"isolation.":[217],"find":[219,294],"simulation":[221],"RAID-level":[223],"analysis":[224,258],"effectively":[226],"most":[228],"vulnerable":[229],"RAID-6":[230],"improving":[232],"coverage":[234],"98%":[236],"errors.":[239,261],"conclude":[241],"discussions":[243],"operational":[245],"considerations":[246],"deploying":[248],"more":[251],"broadly":[252],"new":[254],"directions":[255],"One":[262],"interesting":[263],"approach":[264],"combine":[267],"metrics,":[269],"allowing":[270],"values":[272],"different":[274],"indicators":[275],"be":[277],"used":[278],"predictions.":[280],"Using":[281],"newer":[282],"field":[283],"reports":[286],"additional":[288,311],"metric,":[289],"medium":[290,303],"errors":[291,304],"relative":[297],"efficacy":[298],"varies":[305],"across":[306],"models,":[308],"offering":[309],"way":[312]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
