{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091907331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","title":"HpMC","display_name":"HpMC","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091907331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","mag":"2091907331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2818950.2818974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on Memory Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006363358","display_name":"Chun-Yi Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ChunYi Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049757945","display_name":"David Roberts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7793-6101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311921367","display_name":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yh0k313","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367","https://openalex.org/I4210137977"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Micro Devices, Inc","[Advanced Micro Devices Inc.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro Devices, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Advanced Micro Devices Inc.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005644355","display_name":"Edgar A. Le\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5805-9046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar A. Le\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019476126","display_name":"Kirk W. Cameron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-5448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirk W. Cameron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058719424","display_name":"Bronis R. de Supinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-1006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bronis R. de Supinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102835155","display_name":"Gabriel H. Loh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-0144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311921367","display_name":"Advanced Micro Devices (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yh0k313","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367","https://openalex.org/I4210137977"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel H. Loh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Micro Devices, Inc","[Advanced Micro Devices Inc.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro Devices, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Advanced Micro Devices Inc.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311921367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005410613","display_name":"Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-8307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen's University of Belfast"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen's University of Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006363358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.271,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95854922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"167","last_page":"178"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.813252329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7532702684402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5975069999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-controller","display_name":"Memory controller","score":0.5752359628677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5359936952590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5290920734405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.4494284987449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4082300066947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.38113275170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.264461487531662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.21715086698532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09250298142433167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.813252329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7532702684402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5975069999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100800780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1175867","display_name":"Memory controller","level":3,"score":0.5752359628677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5359936952590942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5290920734405518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.4494284987449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4082300066947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.38113275170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.264461487531662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.21715086698532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09250298142433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2818950.2818974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on Memory Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Su, C, Leon, E, Loh, G H, Roberts, D, Cameron, K W, Nikolopoulos, D S & de Supiniski, B R 2015, HpMC: An Energy- Aware Management System for Multi-Level Memory Architectures. in Proceedings of the First ACM International Symposium on Memory Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 167-178, MEMSYS15 The International Symposium on Memory Systems, Washington, United States, 05/10/2015. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://memsys.io/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Su , C , Leon , E , Loh , G H , Roberts , D , Cameron , K W , Nikolopoulos , D S & de Supiniski , B R 2015 , HpMC: An Energy- Aware Management System for Multi-Level Memory Architectures . in Proceedings of the First ACM International Symposium on Memory Systems . Association for Computing Machinery , pp. 167-178 , MEMSYS15 The International Symposium on Memory Systems , Washington , United States , 05/10/2015 . https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:openaire/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/15c8e2ef-2a51-4abe-b760-ec8dc92cd923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Su, C, Leon, E, Loh, G H, Roberts, D, Cameron, K W, Nikolopoulos, D S & de Supiniski, B R 2015, HpMC: An Energy- Aware Management System for Multi-Level Memory Architectures. in Proceedings of the First ACM International Symposium on Memory Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 167-178, MEMSYS15 The International Symposium on Memory Systems, Washington, United States, 05/10/2015. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818950.2818974","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1449504184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0905187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3680983284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"610509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3689704630","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1422788","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3788154822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0910784","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5522089832","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC52-07NA27344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338286","funder_display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7806955302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC52-07NA27344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8374966015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC52-07NA27344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G991281326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC52-07NA27344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338286","funder_display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307757","display_name":"Advanced Micro Devices","ror":"https://ror.org/04kd6c783"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338286","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W876765028","https://openalex.org/W1487697053","https://openalex.org/W1537068154","https://openalex.org/W1564523715","https://openalex.org/W1574846734","https://openalex.org/W1743133773","https://openalex.org/W1961751213","https://openalex.org/W1977661221","https://openalex.org/W1984223379","https://openalex.org/W1993089791","https://openalex.org/W2009062735","https://openalex.org/W2038823997","https://openalex.org/W2041271371","https://openalex.org/W2047427636","https://openalex.org/W2048588974","https://openalex.org/W2076874848","https://openalex.org/W2093578795","https://openalex.org/W2102449048","https://openalex.org/W2104305170","https://openalex.org/W2105321788","https://openalex.org/W2114139104","https://openalex.org/W2118870365","https://openalex.org/W2121288477","https://openalex.org/W2121795083","https://openalex.org/W2124350608","https://openalex.org/W2148797773","https://openalex.org/W2162639668","https://openalex.org/W2526202524","https://openalex.org/W2998915116","https://openalex.org/W3103104567","https://openalex.org/W4237626244","https://openalex.org/W4289115825","https://openalex.org/W6629275632","https://openalex.org/W6675903601"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976244802","https://openalex.org/W4320351610","https://openalex.org/W2122646225","https://openalex.org/W4293430534","https://openalex.org/W3015923041","https://openalex.org/W3140615508","https://openalex.org/W2335743642","https://openalex.org/W4297812927","https://openalex.org/W2029945810","https://openalex.org/W2800412005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"DRAM":[0,29,203],"technology":[1],"faces":[2],"density":[3],"and":[4,30,51,70,97,106,155,166,190,197],"power":[5],"challenges":[6],"to":[7,114,152,185,188],"increase":[8],"capacity":[9,199],"because":[10],"of":[11,13,62,76,86,89,100,111,148,173],"limitations":[12],"physical":[14],"cell":[15],"design.":[16],"To":[17,102],"overcome":[18,107],"these":[19,63],"limitations,":[20],"system":[21,43,161],"designers":[22],"are":[23],"exploring":[24],"alternative":[25],"solutions":[26],"that":[27,60,123,143,178],"combine":[28],"emerging":[31],"NVRAM":[32],"technologies.":[33],"Previous":[34],"work":[35],"on":[36,41,93,169],"heterogeneous":[37,116,126],"memories":[38],"focuses,":[39],"mainly,":[40],"two":[42],"designs:":[44],"PCache,":[45],"a":[46,53,74,87,138,201],"hierarchical,":[47],"inclusive":[48],"memory":[49,56,91,127,132,140,159],"system,":[50],"HRank,":[52,191],"flat,":[54],"non-inclusive":[55],"system.":[57,204],"We":[58],"demonstrate":[59],"neither":[61],"designs":[64,92],"can":[65],"universally":[66],"achieve":[67,103],"high":[68],"performance":[69,154],"energy":[71,98,181],"efficiency":[72],"across":[73],"suite":[75],"HPC":[77],"workloads.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80,104],"work,":[81],"we":[82,118],"investigate":[83],"the":[84,94,108,145,170,194],"impact":[85],"number":[88,110],"multi-level":[90],"performance,":[95],"power,":[96],"consumption":[99,182],"applications.":[101,174],"goal":[105],"limited":[109],"available":[112],"tools":[113],"study":[115],"memories,":[117],"created":[119],"HMsim,":[120],"an":[121],"infrastructure":[122],"enables":[124],"n-level,":[125],"studies":[128],"by":[129],"leveraging":[130],"existing":[131,149],"simulators.":[133],"We,":[134],"then,":[135],"propose":[136],"HpMC,":[137],"new":[139],"controller":[141],"design":[142],"combines":[144],"best":[146],"aspects":[147],"management":[150,160],"policies":[151],"improve":[153],"energy.":[156],"Our":[157,175],"energy-aware":[158],"dynamically":[162],"switches":[163],"between":[164],"PCache":[165,189],"HRank":[167],"based":[168],"temporal":[171],"locality":[172],"results":[176],"show":[177],"HpMC":[179],"reduces":[180],"from":[183],"13%":[184],"45%":[186],"compared":[187],"while":[192],"providing":[193],"same":[195],"bandwidth":[196],"higher":[198],"than":[200],"conventional":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-17T08:19:37.847499","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}