{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294871102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2820020","title":"Crystallize","display_name":"Crystallize","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294871102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2820020","mag":"2294871102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2818048.2820020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2820020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072577967","display_name":"Gabriel Culbertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5598-3839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Culbertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071175163","display_name":"Erik Andersen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053437516","display_name":"Walker White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walker White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101788193","display_name":"Daniel Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-2436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069608785","display_name":"Malte Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-7122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malte Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072577967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94692726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"636","last_page":"647"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12478","display_name":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.737817645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6586154699325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6543593406677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.594178318977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.46613308787345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-learning","display_name":"Collaborative learning","score":0.42917516827583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4208822250366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3615397810935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.33520951867103577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3146398663520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.20919248461723328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.737817645072937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6586154699325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6543593406677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.594178318977356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.46613308787345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138020889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349659","display_name":"Collaborative learning","level":2,"score":0.42917516827583313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4208822250366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3615397810935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.33520951867103577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3146398663520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.20919248461723328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2818048.2820020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2820020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508169795","https://openalex.org/W1521891762","https://openalex.org/W1551289443","https://openalex.org/W1963697479","https://openalex.org/W1971162047","https://openalex.org/W1972000103","https://openalex.org/W1975273460","https://openalex.org/W1978657485","https://openalex.org/W1983725059","https://openalex.org/W1993503247","https://openalex.org/W2005757068","https://openalex.org/W2014833927","https://openalex.org/W2017602382","https://openalex.org/W2021625970","https://openalex.org/W2026814778","https://openalex.org/W2033181408","https://openalex.org/W2047926687","https://openalex.org/W2049082677","https://openalex.org/W2051084800","https://openalex.org/W2069897595","https://openalex.org/W2080422783","https://openalex.org/W2082490206","https://openalex.org/W2090373925","https://openalex.org/W2096050496","https://openalex.org/W2096422467","https://openalex.org/W2096459062","https://openalex.org/W2104482355","https://openalex.org/W2107054196","https://openalex.org/W2113671972","https://openalex.org/W2119243634","https://openalex.org/W2124901240","https://openalex.org/W2137693710","https://openalex.org/W2139464545","https://openalex.org/W2140205964","https://openalex.org/W2140240581","https://openalex.org/W2144596371","https://openalex.org/W2149802435","https://openalex.org/W2155861457","https://openalex.org/W2156445755","https://openalex.org/W2157092210","https://openalex.org/W2158132826","https://openalex.org/W2160361089","https://openalex.org/W2160512240","https://openalex.org/W2160672468","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2169272174","https://openalex.org/W2218287383","https://openalex.org/W2333973135","https://openalex.org/W2333981369","https://openalex.org/W2569865790","https://openalex.org/W2767215192","https://openalex.org/W2801306763","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4293872590","https://openalex.org/W4402518345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063575861","https://openalex.org/W4389443772","https://openalex.org/W2130654837","https://openalex.org/W2548721895","https://openalex.org/W2373456246","https://openalex.org/W304855073","https://openalex.org/W3213721558","https://openalex.org/W3179875862","https://openalex.org/W3196817267","https://openalex.org/W1976600725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"a":[1,44,69],"second":[2],"language":[3,14,29,88],"is":[4],"challenging.":[5],"Becoming":[6],"fluent":[7],"requires":[8],"learning":[9,30,55,89,108,126],"contextual":[10],"information":[11],"about":[12],"how":[13],"should":[15],"be":[16],"used":[17],"as":[18,20],"well":[19],"word":[21],"meanings":[22],"and":[23,56,81,91,110],"grammar.":[24],"The":[25],"majority":[26],"of":[27,79,84,115],"existing":[28],"applications":[31],"provide":[32],"only":[33],"thin":[34],"context":[35,51],"around":[36],"content.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41],"present":[42,68],"Crystallize,":[43],"collaborative":[45,105],"3D":[46],"game":[47],"that":[48,75,95,120],"provides":[49],"rich":[50],"along":[52],"with":[53,72],"scaffolded":[54],"engaging":[57],"gameplay":[58],"mechanics.":[59],"Players":[60],"collaborate":[61],"through":[62],"joint":[63],"tasks,":[64],"or":[65],"quests.":[66],"We":[67,93],"user":[70],"study":[71],"42":[73],"participants":[74],"examined":[76],"the":[77,116],"impact":[78],"low":[80],"high":[82],"levels":[83],"task":[85,123],"interdependence":[86,124],"on":[87],"experience":[90],"outcomes.":[92],"found":[94],"requiring":[96],"players":[97],"to":[98,103],"help":[99],"each":[100],"other":[101],"led":[102],"improved":[104],"partner":[106],"interactions,":[107],"outcomes,":[109],"gameplay.":[111],"A":[112],"detailed":[113],"analysis":[114],"chat-logs":[117],"further":[118],"revealed":[119],"changes":[121],"in":[122],"affected":[125],"behaviors.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}