{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000491655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2814228.2814248","title":"Towards a theory of conceptual design for software","display_name":"Towards a theory of conceptual design for software","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000491655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2814228.2814248","mag":"2000491655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2814228.2814248","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2814228.2814248","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 ACM International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106499","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101853727","display_name":"Daniel Jackson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-0997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101853727"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3417,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95707505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"282","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.712303102016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.6236242651939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5776438117027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-design","display_name":"Software design","score":0.5707170963287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5172591805458069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.503598153591156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5015921592712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-design-description","display_name":"Software design description","score":0.4723659157752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.43132826685905457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4159690737724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.32804346084594727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.712303102016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6236242651939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5776438117027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52913732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857102","display_name":"Software design","level":4,"score":0.5707170963287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5172591805458069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.503598153591156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5015921592712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56909552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297624","display_name":"Software design description","level":5,"score":0.4723659157752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43132826685905457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4159690737724304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.32804346084594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2814228.2814248","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2814228.2814248","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 ACM International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/106499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jackson","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/106499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jackson","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W122154057","https://openalex.org/W154886762","https://openalex.org/W646670893","https://openalex.org/W656309451","https://openalex.org/W1484578948","https://openalex.org/W1500842519","https://openalex.org/W1510345736","https://openalex.org/W1523197392","https://openalex.org/W1528027857","https://openalex.org/W1543943078","https://openalex.org/W1551592336","https://openalex.org/W1573744571","https://openalex.org/W1579089997","https://openalex.org/W1580568969","https://openalex.org/W1606540910","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1762143412","https://openalex.org/W1786578488","https://openalex.org/W1963778113","https://openalex.org/W1968983388","https://openalex.org/W2000465687","https://openalex.org/W2070007162","https://openalex.org/W2074844852","https://openalex.org/W2081485549","https://openalex.org/W2107232214","https://openalex.org/W2129289644","https://openalex.org/W2134119432","https://openalex.org/W2158685692","https://openalex.org/W2162598207","https://openalex.org/W2588256513","https://openalex.org/W2613049552","https://openalex.org/W2798977449","https://openalex.org/W2915402656","https://openalex.org/W2973218851","https://openalex.org/W2984360154","https://openalex.org/W4231152856","https://openalex.org/W4243715249"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W85300993","https://openalex.org/W1562611992","https://openalex.org/W2055906588","https://openalex.org/W4253428884","https://openalex.org/W2361935682","https://openalex.org/W4286331388","https://openalex.org/W2170828412","https://openalex.org/W1990227477","https://openalex.org/W2444431132","https://openalex.org/W2619055811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concepts":[0],"are":[1,9,16],"the":[2,42,58,93,103,123,140,143,158,173],"building":[3],"blocks":[4],"of":[5,19,24,44,48,61,66,95,128],"software":[6,45,62,116],"systems.":[7],"They":[8],"not":[10],"just":[11],"subjective":[12],"mental":[13],"constructs,":[14],"but":[15],"objective":[17],"features":[18],"a":[20,31,75,96,115,133],"system's":[21],"design:":[22],"increments":[23],"functionality":[25],"that":[26],"were":[27],"consciously":[28],"introduced":[29],"by":[30,71,101,118,122],"designer":[32],"to":[33,99,169],"serve":[34],"particular":[35],"purposes.":[36],"This":[37,125],"essay":[38],"argues":[39],"for":[40,106,130],"viewing":[41],"design":[43,117],"in":[46,74,92,114,157,172],"terms":[47],"concepts,":[49],"with":[50,145],"their":[51,163],"invention":[52],"(or":[53],"adoption)":[54],"and":[55,137,162],"refinement":[56],"as":[57,87],"central":[59],"activity":[60],"design.":[63,175],"A":[64],"family":[65],"products":[67],"can":[68,83,89,111,165],"be":[69,84,90,112,167],"characterized":[70],"arranging":[72],"concepts":[73,161],"dependence":[76],"graph":[77],"from":[78],"which":[79],"coherent":[80],"concept":[81,141],"subsets":[82],"extracted.":[85],"Just":[86],"bugs":[88],"found":[91,113],"code":[94],"function":[97],"prior":[98],"testing":[100],"reviewing":[102,119],"programmer's":[104],"argument":[105,121,126],"its":[107],"correctness,":[108],"so":[109],"flaws":[110,171],"an":[120,146,150],"designer.":[124],"consists":[127],"providing,":[129],"each":[131],"concept,":[132],"single":[134],"compelling":[135],"purpose,":[136],"demonstrating":[138],"how":[139],"fulfills":[142],"purpose":[144],"archetypal":[147],"scenario":[148],"called":[149],"'operational":[151],"principle'.":[152],"Some":[153],"simple":[154],"conditions":[155],"(primarily":[156],"relationship":[159],"between":[160],"purposes)":[164],"then":[166],"applied":[168],"reveal":[170],"conceptual":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}