{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2019999051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2808492.2808559","title":"Timbre identification of instrumental music via energy distribution modeling","display_name":"Timbre identification of instrumental music via energy distribution modeling","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2019999051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2808492.2808559","mag":"2019999051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2808492.2808559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2808492.2808559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103232491","display_name":"Jinxi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9563-7351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinxi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004786100","display_name":"Mengying Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengying Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075845093","display_name":"Xiaohong Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-0362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohong Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074080669","display_name":"Youtian Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1714-3433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youtian Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009075859","display_name":"Jicheng Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4799-0630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130102811","display_name":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music","ror":"https://ror.org/039xv0h05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jicheng Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057489020","display_name":"Qinping Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130102811","display_name":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music","ror":"https://ror.org/039xv0h05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinping Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423697","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-3483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130102811","display_name":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music","ror":"https://ror.org/039xv0h05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Conservatory of Music, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130102811"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103232491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2872,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54757463,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timbre","display_name":"Timbre","score":0.7675137519836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5957569479942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-time-fourier-transform","display_name":"Short-time Fourier transform","score":0.5776182413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5660967826843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-envelope","display_name":"Spectral envelope","score":0.5606318116188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.5477291345596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.46492648124694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45421233773231506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.45300236344337463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.44090789556503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4243260324001312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4195132553577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.36239323019981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34692472219467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20813003182411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.17879018187522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.09615916013717651}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776539107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176501","display_name":"Timbre","level":3,"score":0.7675137519836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5957569479942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166386157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477735","display_name":"Short-time Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.5776182413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5660967826843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54926389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575188","display_name":"Spectral envelope","level":2,"score":0.5606318116188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5477291345596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.46492648124694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45421233773231506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.45300236344337463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.44090789556503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4243260324001312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4195132553577423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.36239323019981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34692472219467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20813003182411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.17879018187522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.09615916013717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2808492.2808559","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2808492.2808559","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G476629849","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61375040,61221063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496562625","https://openalex.org/W1979496526","https://openalex.org/W1991350497","https://openalex.org/W2090579027","https://openalex.org/W2113523484","https://openalex.org/W2142470937","https://openalex.org/W2162394719","https://openalex.org/W2162658498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499296618","https://openalex.org/W2062136349","https://openalex.org/W4232277401","https://openalex.org/W1986860206","https://openalex.org/W2145944162","https://openalex.org/W654690113","https://openalex.org/W2171036255","https://openalex.org/W4225639054","https://openalex.org/W1967434260","https://openalex.org/W2010987884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,119,147],"traditional":[1],"evaluation":[2,14,32],"of":[3,22,42,58,85,125,154,163],"instrumental":[4],"music":[5,59,64],"is":[6,16,135,149],"generally":[7],"based":[8,50,88],"on":[9,51,89,151],"experts.":[10],"However,":[11],"the":[12,31,40,52,77,83,99,123,128,157,161],"expert-based":[13],"strategy":[15],"seriously":[17],"affected":[18],"by":[19,105],"a":[20,47,111],"number":[21],"factors":[23],"such":[24],"as":[25],"human's":[26],"subjectivity":[27],"and":[28,45,109,131,134,156],"then":[29],"decreases":[30],"reliability.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"aims":[36],"at":[37],"automatically":[38],"identifying":[39],"timbre":[41],"saxophone":[43],"music,":[44],"proposes":[46],"new":[48],"method":[49],"energy":[53,100,129],"distribution":[54,101,130],"in":[55,144],"frequency":[56,67,86],"domain":[57,68],"signals.":[60],"First,":[61],"we":[62,75,96],"transform":[63],"signals":[65],"into":[66],"using":[69],"short-time":[70],"Fourier":[71],"transformation":[72],"(STFT).":[73],"Then,":[74],"compute":[76],"spectral":[78],"envelope,":[79],"which":[80],"may":[81],"describe":[82],"rule":[84],"attitude,":[87],"linear":[90],"predictive":[91],"coding":[92],"(LPC).":[93],"At":[94],"last,":[95],"find":[97],"that":[98],"can":[102],"be":[103],"approximated":[104],"an":[106],"exponential":[107,132],"function,":[108],"present":[110],"ONE-dimensional":[112],"feature":[113,121],"named":[114],"average":[115],"linearity":[116],"value":[117],"(ALV).":[118],"ALV":[120],"measures":[122],"extent":[124],"closeness":[126],"between":[127],"functions":[133],"used":[136],"to":[137],"distinguish":[138],"high-level":[139],"timbres":[140,143],"from":[141],"low-level":[142],"our":[145],"work.":[146],"experiment":[148],"conducted":[150],"9":[152],"groups":[153],"data,":[155],"experimental":[158],"results":[159],"demonstrate":[160],"effectiveness":[162],"this":[164],"method.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}