{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051197431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806637","title":"Enhanced Word Embeddings from a Hierarchical Neural Language Model","display_name":"Enhanced Word Embeddings from a Hierarchical Neural Language Model","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051197431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806637","mag":"2051197431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2806416.2806637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100722973","display_name":"Xun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5718-9436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113609793","display_name":"Katsuhoto Sudoh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katsuhoto Sudoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100520423","display_name":"Masaaki Nagata","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaaki Nagata","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100722973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82180751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1927","last_page":"1930"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7914309501647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.7591354250907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7151771187782288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6657204627990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6639628410339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.5534650087356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.5298309922218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4726632833480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.43423378467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-database-model","display_name":"Hierarchical database model","score":0.42786940932273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41153624653816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3297645151615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.201968252658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.06862485408782959}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7914309501647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7591354250907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7151771187782288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6657204627990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6639628410339355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5534650087356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5298309922218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4726632833480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.43423378467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144986985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q871236","display_name":"Hierarchical database model","level":2,"score":0.42786940932273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41153624653816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3297645151615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.201968252658844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.06862485408782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2806416.2806637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100623710","https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W932413789","https://openalex.org/W1581407678","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W2067438047","https://openalex.org/W2080100102","https://openalex.org/W2103318667","https://openalex.org/W2117130368","https://openalex.org/W2120861206","https://openalex.org/W2131744502","https://openalex.org/W2141599568","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2158899491","https://openalex.org/W2164019165","https://openalex.org/W2183112036","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2250767751","https://openalex.org/W2251012068","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2474824677","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W2950752421","https://openalex.org/W2953391617","https://openalex.org/W2963355447","https://openalex.org/W2997617958","https://openalex.org/W4245641907","https://openalex.org/W6600234944","https://openalex.org/W6604112372","https://openalex.org/W6675844511"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468279273","https://openalex.org/W2354198838","https://openalex.org/W1989130879","https://openalex.org/W2103419012","https://openalex.org/W2053269318","https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W2944691285","https://openalex.org/W2131462252","https://openalex.org/W2953381540","https://openalex.org/W2141645663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3],"neural":[4],"language":[5],"model":[6,31],"to":[7,52],"capture":[8],"the":[9,30,48,61,68],"interaction":[10],"of":[11,14,70],"text":[12],"units":[13],"different":[15],"levels,":[16],"i.e..,":[17],"documents,":[18],"paragraphs,":[19],"sentences,":[20],"words":[21],"in":[22],"an":[23,45],"hierarchical":[24],"structure.":[25],"At":[26],"each":[27,36],"paralleled":[28],"level,":[29],"incorporates":[32],"Markov":[33],"property":[34],"while":[35],"higher-level":[37],"unit":[38],"hierarchically":[39],"influences":[40],"its":[41],"containing":[42],"units.":[43],"Such":[44],"architecture":[46],"enables":[47],"learned":[49,62],"word":[50,63],"embeddings":[51,64],"encode":[53],"both":[54],"global":[55],"and":[56,65],"local":[57],"information.":[58],"We":[59],"evaluate":[60],"experiments":[66],"demonstrate":[67],"effectiveness":[69],"our":[71],"model.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}