{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053884592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806550","title":"External Knowledge and Query Strategies in Active Learning","display_name":"External Knowledge and Query Strategies in Active Learning","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053884592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806550","mag":"2053884592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2806416.2806550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077580242","display_name":"Mahnoosh Kholghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-6554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahnoosh Kholghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023210944","display_name":"Laurianne Sitbon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-2515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurianne Sitbon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076031002","display_name":"Guido Zuccon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160993911","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Zuccon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023213398","display_name":"Anthony Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-6954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141844","display_name":"Australian e-Health Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywhbc61","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801244131","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210141844","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141844","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077580242"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160993911"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3144,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94670778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"143","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11407","display_name":"Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8703242540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.6576850414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.5903205275535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.5023441314697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.4669528901576996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.461538165807724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4594714045524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.44555240869522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.4231870472431183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.395190954208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3949028551578522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.3806881308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3341999351978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.13226202130317688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8703242540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6576850414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.5903205275535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5023441314697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.4669528901576996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.461538165807724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4594714045524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44555240869522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.4231870472431183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.395190954208374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3949028551578522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.3806881308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3341999351978302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.13226202130317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2806416.2806550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2806416.2806550","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96276655","https://openalex.org/W187898927","https://openalex.org/W340528498","https://openalex.org/W1022151902","https://openalex.org/W1513874326","https://openalex.org/W1530032857","https://openalex.org/W1550258693","https://openalex.org/W1580375566","https://openalex.org/W1838551284","https://openalex.org/W1866463160","https://openalex.org/W1871067837","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2005785176","https://openalex.org/W2008830554","https://openalex.org/W2010559354","https://openalex.org/W2062366800","https://openalex.org/W2080021732","https://openalex.org/W2102162869","https://openalex.org/W2107435951","https://openalex.org/W2109206523","https://openalex.org/W2114039834","https://openalex.org/W2117763124","https://openalex.org/W2125117006","https://openalex.org/W2132910334","https://openalex.org/W2136504847","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2159636537","https://openalex.org/W2162311237","https://openalex.org/W2168041406","https://openalex.org/W2171671120","https://openalex.org/W2186301176","https://openalex.org/W2187256435","https://openalex.org/W2222903288","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2914331073","https://openalex.org/W2915128229","https://openalex.org/W2916047559","https://openalex.org/W4298132949","https://openalex.org/W6631851648","https://openalex.org/W6666384709","https://openalex.org/W6675206559","https://openalex.org/W6680140577","https://openalex.org/W6759052712","https://openalex.org/W6759831810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026738364","https://openalex.org/W2901901036","https://openalex.org/W2113390685","https://openalex.org/W2388669825","https://openalex.org/W2124814993","https://openalex.org/W8514837","https://openalex.org/W2049683498","https://openalex.org/W2363027842","https://openalex.org/W1601704076","https://openalex.org/W2161902337"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,68,118,165,206,218],"new":[4,110],"active":[5,43,123,170,237],"learning":[6,18,36,44,124,171,238],"query":[7,48,82,111,125,195,239,255],"strategy":[8,83,112],"for":[9,34,57,74,127,139,156,169,209],"information":[10,65,128],"extraction,":[11],"called":[12],"Domain":[13],"Knowledge":[14,59],"Informativeness":[15],"(DKI).":[16],"Active":[17],"is":[19,46,51],"often":[20,153],"used":[21,52,63],"to":[22,30,53,70,88,102,114,243,249],"reduce":[23],"the":[24,47,80,94,103,109,131,144,161,174,197,201],"amount":[25],"of":[26,41,96,122,143,146,173],"annotation":[27,106,228],"effort":[28,107,229],"required":[29],"obtain":[31],"training":[32],"data":[33,211],"machine":[35],"algorithms.":[37],"A":[38],"key":[39],"component":[40],"an":[42],"approach":[45],"strategy,":[49],"which":[50,151],"iteratively":[54],"select":[55],"samples":[56],"annotation.":[58],"resources":[60,87,150,235],"have":[61,152],"been":[62,154],"in":[64,98,105,184,227],"extraction":[66,129],"as":[67,212],"means":[69],"derive":[71],"additional":[72],"features":[73],"sample":[75,90],"representation.":[76],"DKI":[77],"is,":[78],"however,":[79],"first":[81],"that":[84,108,191],"exploits":[85],"such":[86],"inform":[89],"selection.":[91],"To":[92],"evaluate":[93],"merits":[95],"DKI,":[97],"particular":[99],"with":[100,181,217,241,253],"respect":[101],"reduction":[104],"allows":[113],"achieve,":[115],"we":[116],"conduct":[117],"comprehensive":[119],"empirical":[120],"comparison":[121],"strategies":[126],"within":[130,236],"clinical":[132,135,162,210],"domain.":[133,186],"The":[134],"domain":[136,163],"was":[137],"chosen":[138],"this":[140,185],"work":[141],"because":[142,172],"availability":[145],"extensive":[147],"structured":[148],"knowledge":[149,234],"exploited":[155],"feature":[157],"generation.":[158],"In":[159],"addition,":[160],"offers":[164],"compelling":[166],"use":[167],"case":[168],"necessary":[175],"high":[176],"costs":[177],"and":[178,223,247],"hurdles":[179],"associated":[180],"obtaining":[182],"annotations":[183],"Our":[187],"experimental":[188],"findings":[189],"demonstrated":[190],"(1)":[192],"amongst":[193],"existing":[194],"strategies,":[196,240],"ones":[198],"based":[199],"on":[200],"classification":[202],"model's":[203],"confidence":[204],"are":[205,230],"better":[207],"choice":[208],"they":[213],"perform":[214],"equally":[215],"well":[216],"much":[219],"lighter":[220],"computational":[221],"load,":[222],"(2)":[224],"significant":[225],"reductions":[226],"achievable":[231],"by":[232],"exploiting":[233],"up":[242],"14%":[244],"less":[245],"tokens":[246],"concepts":[248],"manually":[250],"annotate":[251],"than":[252],"state-of-the-art":[254],"strategies.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}