{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991761091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799650.2799657","title":"Systems For Spectrum Forensics","display_name":"Systems For Spectrum Forensics","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991761091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799650.2799657","mag":"1991761091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2799650.2799657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799650.2799657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025149954","display_name":"Austin Anderson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Austin Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389053","display_name":"Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-7404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054398717","display_name":"Kenneth R. Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-3454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth R. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059685104","display_name":"Dirk Grunwald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3174-0904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Grunwald","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"26","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6213679313659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-forensics","display_name":"Digital forensics","score":0.4505319595336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","score":0.42336001992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-forensics","display_name":"Network forensics","score":0.41394326090812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2947230041027069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16337475180625916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6213679313659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84418412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246940","display_name":"Digital forensics","level":2,"score":0.4505319595336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.42336001992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50747538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001032","display_name":"Network forensics","level":3,"score":0.41394326090812683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2947230041027069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16337475180625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2799650.2799657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2799650.2799657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Hot Topics in Wireless","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8800287271","display_name":"CI-ADDO-NEW: Collaborative Research: WiSER Dynamic Spectrum Access Platform and Infrastructure","funder_award_id":"1305405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87740544","https://openalex.org/W183769477","https://openalex.org/W234996781","https://openalex.org/W1555903958","https://openalex.org/W1992394997","https://openalex.org/W2017806736","https://openalex.org/W2039282619","https://openalex.org/W2078514270","https://openalex.org/W2103528978","https://openalex.org/W2123448166","https://openalex.org/W2145406327","https://openalex.org/W2266640161","https://openalex.org/W2317497007","https://openalex.org/W4229976825","https://openalex.org/W4243958534","https://openalex.org/W4254353276","https://openalex.org/W6681633327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2972427363","https://openalex.org/W2121070677","https://openalex.org/W2161391695","https://openalex.org/W4238452393","https://openalex.org/W188028618","https://openalex.org/W2489557937","https://openalex.org/W2111038567","https://openalex.org/W1500698787","https://openalex.org/W1970399788","https://openalex.org/W4385257722"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Historically,":[0],"spectrum":[1,12,37,51,57,68,84],"allocations":[2],"were":[3],"assigned":[4],"to":[5,17,49,92],"a":[6,24],"single":[7],"user":[8],"by":[9,22,40],"regulation":[10,31],"and":[11,45,75],"interference":[13],"was":[14,20],"relatively":[15],"easy":[16],"identify.":[18],"Enforcement":[19],"simplified":[21],"having":[23],"small":[25],"set":[26],"of":[27,64,90],"known":[28],"licensees.":[29],"Spectrum":[30],"is":[32],"increasingly":[33],"moving":[34],"toward":[35],"dynamic":[36],"access":[38],"mediated":[39],"databases,":[41],"exclusion":[42],"zones,":[43],"sensors":[44],"other":[46],"methods":[47],"intended":[48],"improve":[50],"efficiency.":[52],"To":[53],"have":[54,61],"meaning,":[55],"these":[56],"sharing":[58],"mechanisms":[59],"must":[60],"some":[62],"form":[63],"enforcement.":[65],"While":[66],"the":[67,87],"policy":[69],"community":[70],"has":[71],"consider":[72],"ex-post":[73],"(preventative)":[74],"ex-ante":[76],"(punitive)":[77],"enforcement":[78,80,95],"mechanisms,":[79],"will":[81],"rely":[82],"on":[83],"forensics":[85],"--":[86],"scientific":[88],"gathering":[89],"information":[91],"inform":[93],"an":[94],"action.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
