{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975993212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2797044.2797050","title":"Accurate Device-Free Localization with Little Human Cost","display_name":"Accurate Device-Free Localization with Little Human Cost","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975993212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2797044.2797050","mag":"1975993212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2797044.2797050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2797044.2797050","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Smart Objects","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083959011","display_name":"Ju Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-9787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ju Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059751108","display_name":"Binbin Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binbin Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065103224","display_name":"Dingyi Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-6922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingyi Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322143","display_name":"Xiaojiang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-6806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojiang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322161","display_name":"Chen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-5295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034500976","display_name":"Tianzhang Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7526-7269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianzhang Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028239186","display_name":"Weike Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2092-3083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weike Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an in Shanxi province, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083959011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75794207,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"55","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.7407007813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7195805311203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7185289859771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5650294423103333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuition","display_name":"Intuition","score":0.5415023565292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5250173211097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4976237118244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41637203097343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35375604033470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16263481974601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11976560950279236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.7407007813453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7195805311203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7185289859771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5650294423103333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132010649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189222","display_name":"Intuition","level":2,"score":0.5415023565292358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5250173211097717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4976237118244171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41637203097343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35375604033470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16263481974601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11976560950279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2797044.2797050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2797044.2797050","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Experiences with the Design and Implementation of Smart Objects","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322439","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335774","display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337368","display_name":"Division of Graduate Education","ror":"https://ror.org/00whkrf32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506974941","https://openalex.org/W1971681846","https://openalex.org/W1978531778","https://openalex.org/W1990273538","https://openalex.org/W1996409685","https://openalex.org/W2011135697","https://openalex.org/W2031721930","https://openalex.org/W2078697227","https://openalex.org/W2106806426","https://openalex.org/W2147124620","https://openalex.org/W2170240475","https://openalex.org/W2787523326","https://openalex.org/W3039083618","https://openalex.org/W3140440502","https://openalex.org/W4206042620","https://openalex.org/W6980547258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W426968574","https://openalex.org/W2365639220","https://openalex.org/W2382520895","https://openalex.org/W2393709043","https://openalex.org/W2080567403","https://openalex.org/W2539387137","https://openalex.org/W2374952201","https://openalex.org/W2374808384","https://openalex.org/W2385449752","https://openalex.org/W2619844325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,73],"device-free":[1],"localization":[2,16],"(DFL),":[3],"i.e.,":[4],"localizing":[5],"target":[6,9,145,177],"without":[7],"requiring":[8,67],"attached":[10],"any":[11,57,193],"devices,":[12],"is":[13,76,215],"attractive.":[14],"Current":[15],"methods,":[17],"however,":[18],"query":[19],"a":[20,116,156,162],"significant":[21],"degree":[22],"of":[23,71,97,104,107,123,158,192,206],"pre-deployment":[24,58,195],"effort,":[25,59,197],"such":[26,60],"as":[27,61,155],"the":[28,31,63,68,79,85,88,95,98,102,105,112,120,143,172,176,183,190,200,218],"transceivers'":[29],"locations,":[30,92],"transmission":[32],"power,":[33],"which":[34,214],"cost":[35,50],"huge":[36],"human":[37,49],"effort.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42],"present":[43],"Alico,":[44],"an":[45],"accurate":[46],"and":[47,110,125,152,166,174,202,208],"low":[48],"DFL":[51],"method":[52],"that":[53,77,131],"does":[54],"not":[55],"require":[56],"building":[62],"detailed":[64],"fingerprints":[65],"or":[66],"prior":[69],"knowledge":[70],"deployment.":[72],"key":[74],"intuition":[75],"(i)":[78],"distorted":[80],"wireless":[81],"links":[82],"caused":[83],"by":[84],"target,":[86],"even":[87],"many":[89],"from":[90],"unknown":[91,108,121],"are":[93],"constrained":[94],"presence":[96],"target;":[99],"(ii)":[100],"with":[101],"increase":[103],"number":[106],"targets":[109,124],"transceivers,":[111],"constraints":[113,140,151],"grows":[114,127],"in":[115,210],"quadratic":[117],"fashion,":[118],"while":[119],"locations":[122,178],"transceivers":[126],"linearly.":[128],"This":[129],"suggests":[130],"given":[132],"enough":[133,139],"measurements,":[134],"there":[135],"will":[136],"be":[137],"eventually":[138],"to":[141],"make":[142],"every":[144],"uniquely":[146],"localizable.":[147],"Alico":[148,169,198],"leverages":[149],"these":[150],"model":[153],"them":[154],"set":[157],"equations.":[159],"By":[160],"using":[161],"hybrid":[163],"gradient":[164],"descent":[165],"genetic":[167],"algorithms,":[168],"can":[170],"solve":[171],"equations":[173],"estimate":[175],"accurately":[179],"based":[180],"just":[181],"on":[182],"Received":[184],"Signal":[185],"Strength":[186],"(RSS)":[187],"measurements.":[188],"Despite":[189],"absence":[191],"explicit":[194],"calibration":[196],"achieves":[199],"60th":[201],"80th":[203],"percentile":[204],"errors":[205],"1m":[207],"1.4m":[209],"real-world":[211],"experiments,":[212],"respectively,":[213],"better":[216],"than":[217],"three":[219],"state-of-the-art":[220],"algorithms.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
