{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073061255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2770876","title":"SmartRoad","display_name":"SmartRoad","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073061255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2770876","mag":"2073061255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2770876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2770876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032992976","display_name":"Shaohan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2877-2665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100732938","display_name":"L\u00fc Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-543X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York","State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101920925","display_name":"Hengchang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0679-668X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I308837","display_name":"Suzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04en8wb91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I308837"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengchang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China","University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I308837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115529173","display_name":"Hongyan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4090-6969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087114395","display_name":"Tarek Abdelzaher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3883-7220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarek F. Abdelzaher","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.7444,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":183,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9872261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.871227502822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-sensing","display_name":"Participatory sensing","score":0.8097816705703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6286543607711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6279389262199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5056512355804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.364856481552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14309799671173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.1072385311126709}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.871227502822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779208394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140460","display_name":"Participatory sensing","level":2,"score":0.8097816705703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6286543607711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6279389262199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5056512355804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.364856481552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14309799671173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.1072385311126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2770876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2770876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4710539929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GG2260080042, BJ2260080039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5195493416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HDTRA1-10-1-0120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","funder_display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G795814738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS 13-45266, CNS 10-40380","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04tz64554"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1582155454","https://openalex.org/W1605476884","https://openalex.org/W1964615771","https://openalex.org/W1975232520","https://openalex.org/W1982467666","https://openalex.org/W1996573126","https://openalex.org/W2005666490","https://openalex.org/W2014643169","https://openalex.org/W2014991910","https://openalex.org/W2021774297","https://openalex.org/W2026414543","https://openalex.org/W2036242803","https://openalex.org/W2038946499","https://openalex.org/W2075840228","https://openalex.org/W2079854881","https://openalex.org/W2086755418","https://openalex.org/W2099416425","https://openalex.org/W2100502120","https://openalex.org/W2106869568","https://openalex.org/W2108467170","https://openalex.org/W2119027683","https://openalex.org/W2127347346","https://openalex.org/W2127963147","https://openalex.org/W2136504847","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2150581781","https://openalex.org/W2150662023","https://openalex.org/W2152918251","https://openalex.org/W2162024818","https://openalex.org/W2165874743","https://openalex.org/W2169896874","https://openalex.org/W2170918595","https://openalex.org/W2171157447","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W6684578312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063769785","https://openalex.org/W1970299606","https://openalex.org/W2538233322","https://openalex.org/W3162200841","https://openalex.org/W2683657967","https://openalex.org/W2949507301","https://openalex.org/W2586280620","https://openalex.org/W4301376527","https://openalex.org/W2805505483","https://openalex.org/W2334071950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,58],"this":[1],"article":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"SmartRoad,":[5],"a":[6,118],"crowd-sourced":[7],"road":[8,29],"sensing":[9,35],"system":[10],"that":[11,138],"detects":[12],"and":[13,19,64,68,87,90,97,123,143,149],"identifies":[14],"traffic":[15,17,46],"regulators,":[16],"lights,":[18],"stop":[20],"signs,":[21],"in":[22],"particular.":[23],"As":[24],"an":[25],"alternative":[26],"to":[27,60,74,100],"expensive":[28],"surveys,":[30],"SmartRoad":[31,71,116,139],"works":[32],"on":[33,117,126],"participatory":[34],"data":[36],"collected":[37],"from":[38,41],"GPS":[39],"sensors":[40],"in-vehicle":[42],"smartphones.":[43],"The":[44],"resulting":[45],"regulator":[47],"information":[48,85,109],"can":[49,140],"be":[50],"used":[51],"for":[52,132],"many":[53],"assisted-driving":[54],"or":[55,110],"navigation":[56],"systems.":[57],"order":[59],"achieve":[61],"accurate":[62],"detection":[63,96,148],"identification":[65,98,150],"under":[66],"realistic":[67],"practical":[69],"settings,":[70],"automatically":[72],"adapts":[73],"different":[75],"application":[76],"requirements":[77],"by":[78],"(i)":[79],"intelligently":[80],"choosing":[81],"the":[82,147],"most":[83],"appropriate":[84],"representation":[86],"transmission":[88],"schemes,":[89],"(ii)":[91],"dynamically":[92],"evolving":[93],"its":[94],"core":[95],"engines":[99],"effectively":[101],"take":[102],"advantage":[103],"of":[104],"any":[105],"external":[106,128],"ground":[107],"truth":[108],"manual":[111],"label":[112],"opportunity.":[113],"We":[114],"implemented":[115],"vehicular":[119],"smartphone":[120],"test":[121],"bed,":[122],"deployed":[124],"it":[125],"35":[127],"volunteer":[129],"users\u2019":[130],"vehicles":[131],"two":[133],"months.":[134],"Experiment":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"robustly,":[141],"effectively,":[142],"efficiently":[144],"carry":[145],"out":[146],"tasks.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}