{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2082985271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2764979.2764988","title":"An exploration of the 'introduce explaining variable' refactoring","display_name":"An exploration of the 'introduce explaining variable' refactoring","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2082985271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2764979.2764988","mag":"2082985271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2764979.2764988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2764979.2764988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Workshop Proceedings of the XP2015","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083706258","display_name":"Steve Counsell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-8919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Counsell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379541","display_name":"Xinxin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-3497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042037650","display_name":"Stephen Swift","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8918-3365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Swift","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084329596","display_name":"Jim Buckley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-6746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Buckley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Limerick, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024962526","display_name":"Mike English","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-0826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. English","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Limerick, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001875840","display_name":"Sebastian Herold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-9182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Herold","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Limerick, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057870704","display_name":"Sigrid Eldh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5070-9312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Eldh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson, Kista, Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Kista, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057174244","display_name":"Andreas Ermedahl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ermedahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson, Kista, Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Kista, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083706258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80908181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-refactoring","display_name":"Code refactoring","score":0.8627645969390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6216965913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5882829427719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4525056779384613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3266810178756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1507311463356018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.12583574652671814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152752567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116877","display_name":"Code refactoring","level":3,"score":0.8627645969390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6216965913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5882829427719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4525056779384613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3266810178756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1507311463356018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.12583574652671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2764979.2764988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2764979.2764988","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Workshop Proceedings of the XP2015","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973306813","https://openalex.org/W1976019354","https://openalex.org/W2000679946","https://openalex.org/W2013619645","https://openalex.org/W2034593927","https://openalex.org/W2041703907","https://openalex.org/W2101720091","https://openalex.org/W2153887189","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2166993820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1948541244","https://openalex.org/W2768661791","https://openalex.org/W1492274812","https://openalex.org/W2557652470","https://openalex.org/W2096877983","https://openalex.org/W2108271626","https://openalex.org/W2950633473","https://openalex.org/W2107593303","https://openalex.org/W2024310590","https://openalex.org/W1503090478"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"we":[1,15,36],"know":[2,17],"much":[3],"about":[4,19],"refactoring":[5,30,49,145,188],"trends":[6],"and":[7,12,74,111,121,124],"their":[8,20],"occurrence":[9],"in":[10,156,164],"open-source":[11],"proprietary":[13],"systems,":[14],"still":[16],"little":[18],"association":[21,80],"with":[22,81],"defects":[23,82],"or":[24],"the":[25,56,63,116,128,137,143,157,170],"nature":[26],"of":[27,58,68,72,86,103,118,136,160,184,194],"classes":[28,141,161],"where":[29,89,142,186],"is":[31],"applied.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34,66,109,187],"paper,":[35],"explore":[37,62],"one":[38],"such":[39],"refactoring,":[40,69],"\"Introduce":[41],"explaining":[42],"variable\"":[43],"(IEV),":[44],"a":[45,52,78,175],"low-level":[46],"code":[47,185],"based":[48],"which":[50],"simplifies":[51],"complex":[53],"expression":[54],"through":[55],"introduction":[57],"added":[59],"variables.":[60],"We":[61],"possibility":[64],"that":[65,132,182],"type":[67],"requiring":[70],"manipulation":[71],"variables":[73],"constructs":[75],"will":[76,93],"have":[77,94],"greater":[79],"than":[83,152],"other":[84,153,171],"types":[85],"refactoring.":[87],"Classes":[88],"they":[90],"are":[91,192],"applied":[92,148,191],"lower":[95],"coupling":[96,123],"levels.":[97],"Five":[98],"releases":[99,139],"from":[100],"two":[101],"projects":[102],"Eclipse":[104],"were":[105,149],"used":[106],"to":[107,113],"support":[108],"analysis":[110],"tools":[112],"extract":[114],"both":[115],"set":[117,159],"class":[119,122],"refactorings":[120],"size":[125],"metrics":[126],"supported":[127],"analysis.":[129],"Results":[130],"showed":[131],"for":[133],"four":[134],"out":[135],"five":[138,166],"studied,":[140],"IEV":[144],"had":[146,189],"been":[147,190],"more":[150],"defect-prone":[151,195],"classes.":[154],"Coupling":[155],"same":[158],"was":[162],"higher":[163],"all":[165],"releases.":[167],"Size,":[168],"on":[169],"hand,":[172],"may":[173],"be":[174],"confounding":[176],"factor":[177],"but":[178],"tentative":[179],"results":[180],"suggest":[181],"areas":[183],"indicative":[193],"code.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}