{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1064539551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2740908.2743060","title":"A Study of Distinctiveness in Web Results of Two Search Engines","display_name":"A Study of Distinctiveness in Web Results of Two Search Engines","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1064539551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2740908.2743060","mag":"1064539551"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2740908.2743060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2740908.2743060","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108315225","display_name":"Rakesh Agrawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rakesh Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Insights Laboroatories, San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Insights Laboroatories, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018077979","display_name":"Behzad Golshan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Behzad Golshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Boston University , Boston , MA , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University , Boston , MA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054849323","display_name":"Evangelos E. Papalexakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3411-8483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos Papalexakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108315225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3144,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94471575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"267","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snippet","display_name":"Snippet","score":0.904761791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.746066689491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.7207843661308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7029812335968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.701837420463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-engine","display_name":"Web search engine","score":0.5571489334106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-distinctiveness-theory","display_name":"Optimal distinctiveness theory","score":0.5337133407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-optimization","display_name":"Search engine optimization","score":0.46460312604904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-search","display_name":"Organic search","score":0.4599316418170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.4443519115447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spamdexing","display_name":"Spamdexing","score":0.4418719708919525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-analytics","display_name":"Search analytics","score":0.43165624141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.4245799779891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10314223170280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07044848799705505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777822670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120538","display_name":"Snippet","level":2,"score":0.904761791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.746066689491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.7207843661308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7029812335968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.701837420463562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521815418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4182287","display_name":"Web search engine","level":4,"score":0.5571489334106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47385372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098943","display_name":"Optimal distinctiveness theory","level":2,"score":0.5337133407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178218473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180711","display_name":"Search engine optimization","level":3,"score":0.46460312604904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130500901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148461","display_name":"Organic search","level":5,"score":0.4599316418170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4443519115447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13565553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206","display_name":"Spamdexing","level":5,"score":0.4418719708919525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14838553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441639","display_name":"Search analytics","level":4,"score":0.43165624141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.4245799779891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10314223170280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07044848799705505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2740908.2743060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2740908.2743060","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121129264","https://openalex.org/W191869375","https://openalex.org/W581466536","https://openalex.org/W627904782","https://openalex.org/W1518490746","https://openalex.org/W1550771877","https://openalex.org/W1553330854","https://openalex.org/W1593292134","https://openalex.org/W1605217017","https://openalex.org/W1967184434","https://openalex.org/W2013761541","https://openalex.org/W2024165284","https://openalex.org/W2024356620","https://openalex.org/W2052039980","https://openalex.org/W2062930223","https://openalex.org/W2070242009","https://openalex.org/W2071364754","https://openalex.org/W2080676333","https://openalex.org/W2096385255","https://openalex.org/W2102693936","https://openalex.org/W2105276905","https://openalex.org/W2109882182","https://openalex.org/W2121739212","https://openalex.org/W2140018945","https://openalex.org/W2147164982","https://openalex.org/W2148161304","https://openalex.org/W2156037541","https://openalex.org/W2167482743","https://openalex.org/W2280666140","https://openalex.org/W2419656545","https://openalex.org/W2801478648","https://openalex.org/W3098758500","https://openalex.org/W3154316372","https://openalex.org/W3166153192","https://openalex.org/W6695428812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2396197912","https://openalex.org/W2086329819","https://openalex.org/W2561589622","https://openalex.org/W2964491004","https://openalex.org/W2889040786","https://openalex.org/W4385595015","https://openalex.org/W2991361038","https://openalex.org/W3093172756","https://openalex.org/W2223855511","https://openalex.org/W1968898749"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Google":[0,167],"and":[1,63,77,90,168],"Bing":[2,169],"have":[3],"emerged":[4],"as":[5],"the":[6,30,35,38,48,61,66,69,72,81,84,88,98,125,129,146,171],"diarchy":[7],"that":[8,47,87,158,170],"arbitrates":[9],"what":[10],"documents":[11],"are":[12,29,101],"seen":[13],"by":[14,37,93,128,166],"Web":[15],"searchers,":[16],"particularly":[17],"those":[18,164],"desiring":[19],"English":[20],"language":[21],"documents.":[22],"We":[23],"seek":[24],"to":[25,34,53,153],"study":[26,144],"how":[27],"distinctive":[28],"top":[31],"results":[32,126,161],"presented":[33],"users":[36,172],"two":[39,130],"search":[40,74,95,156],"engines.":[41],"A":[42],"recent":[43],"eye-tracking":[44],"has":[45],"shown":[46],"web":[49,73],"searchers":[50],"decide":[51],"whether":[52,149],"look":[54],"at":[55],"a":[56,121,133,155],"document":[57,70,100],"primarily":[58],"based":[59,79],"on":[60,65,71,80],"snippet":[62,89],"secondarily":[64],"title":[67,91],"of":[68,83,136],"result":[75],"page,":[76],"rarely":[78],"URL":[82],"document.":[85],"Given":[86],"generated":[92],"different":[94],"engines":[96,131],"for":[97,110,132],"same":[99],"often":[102],"syntactically":[103],"different,":[104],"we":[105],"first":[106],"develop":[107],"tools":[108,119],"appropriate":[109],"conducting":[111],"this":[112,143],"study.":[113,141],"Our":[114],"empirical":[115],"evaluation":[116],"using":[117],"these":[118],"shows":[120],"surprising":[122],"agreement":[123],"in":[124,139],"produced":[127,165],"wide":[134],"variety":[135],"queries":[137],"used":[138],"our":[140],"Thus,":[142],"raises":[145],"open":[147],"question":[148],"it":[150],"is":[151],"feasible":[152],"design":[154],"engine":[157],"would":[159],"produce":[160],"distinct":[162],"from":[163],"will":[173],"find":[174],"helpful.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
