{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069323839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876","title":"Raft Refloated","display_name":"Raft Refloated","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069323839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876","mag":"2069323839"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2723872.2723876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50071195","display_name":"ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review","issn_l":"0163-5980","issn":["0163-5980","1943-586X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028575866","display_name":"Heidi Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-7664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096386","display_name":"Bridge University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbm0437","country_code":"SS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386"]}],"countries":["GB","SS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heidi Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386","https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025826441","display_name":"Malte Schwarzkopf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-6332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096386","display_name":"Bridge University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbm0437","country_code":"SS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386"]}],"countries":["GB","SS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malte Schwarzkopf","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386","https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004447568","display_name":"Anil Madhavapeddy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-2428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096386","display_name":"Bridge University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbm0437","country_code":"SS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386"]}],"countries":["GB","SS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Madhavapeddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386","https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062093738","display_name":"Jon Crowcroft","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7013-0121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096386","display_name":"Bridge University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbm0437","country_code":"SS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386"]}],"countries":["GB","SS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Crowcroft","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096386","https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge - Computer Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028575866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210096386"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96270096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"12","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raft","display_name":"Raft","score":0.943035364151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.8787729144096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8666220903396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6821708679199219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5893079042434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-algorithm","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","score":0.4753579795360565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16503119468688965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9132879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17100313","display_name":"Raft","level":4,"score":0.943035364151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.8787729144096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8666220903396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6821708679199219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5893079042434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4753579795360565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16503119468688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15920480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421281","display_name":"Copolymer","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2723872.2723876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2723872.2723876","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50071195","display_name":"ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review","issn_l":"0163-5980","issn":["0163-5980","1943-586X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59946610","https://openalex.org/W192446467","https://openalex.org/W1527664849","https://openalex.org/W1542019547","https://openalex.org/W1549820118","https://openalex.org/W1591717411","https://openalex.org/W1981420413","https://openalex.org/W1992479210","https://openalex.org/W2000832815","https://openalex.org/W2016404663","https://openalex.org/W2038461675","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2101939036","https://openalex.org/W2112525087","https://openalex.org/W2117395782","https://openalex.org/W2119565742","https://openalex.org/W2125874520","https://openalex.org/W2126924915","https://openalex.org/W2139210474","https://openalex.org/W2143149536","https://openalex.org/W2156580773","https://openalex.org/W2182688186","https://openalex.org/W2249200448","https://openalex.org/W2294934895","https://openalex.org/W2509323760","https://openalex.org/W2751343396","https://openalex.org/W2792074557","https://openalex.org/W3100217861","https://openalex.org/W6602358817","https://openalex.org/W6660015462","https://openalex.org/W6676474364","https://openalex.org/W6682904396","https://openalex.org/W6686169942","https://openalex.org/W6697509271","https://openalex.org/W6785046216"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008339103","https://openalex.org/W2404647514","https://openalex.org/W3038553833","https://openalex.org/W3033503576","https://openalex.org/W3103402962","https://openalex.org/W2156580773","https://openalex.org/W3125655210","https://openalex.org/W3015793627","https://openalex.org/W3126824828","https://openalex.org/W3046732854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26],"Paxos":[1,42],"algorithm":[2],"is":[3],"famously":[4],"difficult":[5],"to":[6,13,33,85],"reason":[7],"about":[8],"and":[9,69,89,106],"even":[10],"more":[11],"so":[12],"implement,":[14],"despite":[15],"having":[16],"been":[17],"synonymous":[18],"with":[19],"distributed":[20],"consensus":[21,38],"for":[22,75],"over":[23],"a":[24,35,62],"decade.":[25],"recently":[27],"proposed":[28],"Raft":[29,56,67,87,103],"protocol":[30,68,88,104],"lays":[31],"claim":[32],"being":[34],"new,":[36],"understandable":[37],"algorithm,":[39],"improving":[40],"on":[41,78],"without":[43],"making":[44],"compromises":[45],"in":[46],"performance":[47,58],"or":[48],"correctness.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"study,":[52],"we":[53,96],"repeat":[54],"the":[55,66,86,99,102],"authors'":[57],"analysis.":[59],"We":[60,81],"developed":[61],"clean-slate":[63],"implementation":[64],"of":[65,101],"built":[70],"an":[71],"event-driven":[72],"simulation":[73],"framework":[74],"prototyping":[76],"it":[77],"experimental":[79],"topologies.":[80],"propose":[82],"several":[83],"optimizations":[84],"demonstrate":[90],"their":[91],"effectiveness":[92],"under":[93],"contention.":[94],"Finally,":[95],"empirically":[97],"validate":[98],"correctness":[100],"invariants":[105],"evaluate":[107],"Raft's":[108],"understandability":[109],"claims.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
