{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985292881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699873","title":"ePlace","display_name":"ePlace","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985292881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699873","mag":"1985292881"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033954140","display_name":"Jingwei Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-3522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingwei Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066475581","display_name":"Pengwen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-0552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengwen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001591873","display_name":"Chin-Chih Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-4859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66217453","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Chih Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032180457","display_name":"Sha Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-6096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66217453","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112826183","display_name":"Dennis J.-H. Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66217453","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Jen-Hsin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113522234","display_name":"Chin-Chi Teng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66217453","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Chi Teng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cadence Design Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66217453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039615312","display_name":"Chung\u2010Kuan Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9865-8390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Kuan Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033954140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91758687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7797753214836121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5036637187004089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4860694706439972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4172561764717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3976030647754669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19599908590316772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7797753214836121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5036637187004089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4860694706439972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4172561764717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3976030647754669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19599908590316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581518716","https://openalex.org/W1505731132","https://openalex.org/W1543921836","https://openalex.org/W1738124305","https://openalex.org/W1944814515","https://openalex.org/W1967402431","https://openalex.org/W1969151367","https://openalex.org/W1971121833","https://openalex.org/W1973505932","https://openalex.org/W1978383095","https://openalex.org/W1991479057","https://openalex.org/W1995934454","https://openalex.org/W1996746141","https://openalex.org/W2002525234","https://openalex.org/W2003145440","https://openalex.org/W2016677154","https://openalex.org/W2030087828","https://openalex.org/W2030901421","https://openalex.org/W2035957933","https://openalex.org/W2041941568","https://openalex.org/W2043650083","https://openalex.org/W2043679008","https://openalex.org/W2047086368","https://openalex.org/W2048796234","https://openalex.org/W2051915213","https://openalex.org/W2055372196","https://openalex.org/W2063821970","https://openalex.org/W2080409033","https://openalex.org/W2082354275","https://openalex.org/W2082393707","https://openalex.org/W2088553275","https://openalex.org/W2098841537","https://openalex.org/W2098851424","https://openalex.org/W2103833707","https://openalex.org/W2105307715","https://openalex.org/W2108873814","https://openalex.org/W2112073852","https://openalex.org/W2112787602","https://openalex.org/W2114136290","https://openalex.org/W2115762048","https://openalex.org/W2117278010","https://openalex.org/W2120129706","https://openalex.org/W2129115040","https://openalex.org/W2132915653","https://openalex.org/W2135064392","https://openalex.org/W2158548623","https://openalex.org/W2163190884","https://openalex.org/W2167190617","https://openalex.org/W2174122065","https://openalex.org/W2228184992","https://openalex.org/W2325850497","https://openalex.org/W2328176372","https://openalex.org/W2607159714","https://openalex.org/W4214626551","https://openalex.org/W4230256307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W2087343574","https://openalex.org/W4246352526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"develop":[1,33],"a":[2,34,71,123],"flat,":[3],"analytic,":[4],"and":[5,17,29,48,63,140,165,188,192,211],"nonlinear":[6,95],"placement":[7,27,36,130],"algorithm,":[8],"ePlace":[9,146,178,201],",":[10,40],"which":[11,41,75,106],"is":[12,76,116,132],"more":[13],"effective,":[14],"generalized,":[15],"simpler,":[16],"faster":[18,108],"than":[19],"previous":[20,98],"works.":[21],"Based":[22],"on":[23,83,113,136,193],"the":[24,49,53,57,91,120,137,174,180,197,203],"analogy":[25],"between":[26],"instance":[28],"electrostatic":[30,58],"system,":[31],"we":[32,100],"novel":[35],"density":[37,50,69],"function":[38],"eDensity":[39],"models":[42],"every":[43],"object":[44],"as":[45,52],"positive":[46],"charge":[47],"cost":[51],"potential":[54,62],"energy":[55],"of":[56,89,126,172,195],"system.":[59],"The":[60,110,129],"electric":[61],"field":[64],"distribution":[65],"are":[66],"coupled":[67],"with":[68,161,184,207],"using":[70,90,122],"well-defined":[72],"Poisson's":[73],"equation,":[74],"numerically":[77],"solved":[78],"by":[79,118],"spectral":[80],"methods":[81],"based":[82],"fast":[84],"Fourier":[85],"transform":[86],"(FFT).":[87],"Instead":[88],"conjugate":[92],"gradient":[93],"(CG)":[94],"solver":[96],"in":[97],"placers,":[99],"propose":[101],"to":[102],"use":[103],"Nesterov's":[104],"method":[105],"achieves":[107],"convergence.":[109],"efficiency":[111],"bottleneck":[112],"line":[114],"search":[115],"resolved":[117],"predicting":[119],"steplength":[121],"closed-form":[124],"equation":[125],"Lipschitz":[127],"constant.":[128],"performance":[131],"validated":[133],"through":[134],"experiments":[135],"ISPD":[138,141,175,198],"2005":[139,176],"2006":[142,199],"benchmark":[143],"suites,":[144],"where":[145],"outperforms":[147,179,202],"all":[148,173,196],"state-of-the-art":[149],"placers":[150],"(Capo10.5,":[151],"FastPlace3.0,":[152],"RQL,":[153],"MAPLE,":[154],"ComPLx,":[155],"BonnPlace,":[156],"POLAR,":[157],"APlace3,":[158],"NTUPlace3,":[159],"mPL6)":[160],"much":[162],"shorter":[163,166,186,209],"wirelength":[164,187,210],"or":[167],"comparable":[168],"runtime.":[169],"On":[170],"average,":[171,194],"benchmarks,":[177,200],"leading":[181,204],"placer":[182,205],"BonnPlace":[183],"2.83%":[185],"runs":[189,212],"3.05\u00d7":[190],"faster;":[191],"MAPLE":[206],"4.59%":[208],"2.84\u00d7":[213],"faster.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
