{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084986771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699838","title":"A Fault-Aware Toolchain Approach for FPGA Fault Tolerance","display_name":"A Fault-Aware Toolchain Approach for FPGA Fault Tolerance","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084986771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699838","mag":"2084986771"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055943450","display_name":"Adwait Gupte","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adwait Gupte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University, Ames, IA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041772756","display_name":"Sudhanshu Vyas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhanshu Vyas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University, Ames, IA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026774201","display_name":"Phillip H. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-7552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillip H. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Iowa State University, Ames, IA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3177,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80777202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolchain","display_name":"Toolchain","score":0.994355320930481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7560125589370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.7091098427772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6660898923873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.63031005859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.5390147566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.47142547369003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.47050827741622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.22874432802200317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.21162232756614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12648770213127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09206900000572205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777062904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545406","display_name":"Toolchain","level":3,"score":0.994355320930481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7560125589370728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.7091098427772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6660898923873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.63031005859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5390147566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.47142547369003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.47050827741622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.22874432802200317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.21162232756614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12648770213127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09206900000572205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105046310","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","issn_l":"1084-4309","issn":["1084-4309","1557-7309"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492200690","https://openalex.org/W1536249297","https://openalex.org/W1598243915","https://openalex.org/W1797491097","https://openalex.org/W1881430677","https://openalex.org/W1905355278","https://openalex.org/W1970296212","https://openalex.org/W1971726880","https://openalex.org/W1983317504","https://openalex.org/W1984291278","https://openalex.org/W1993237560","https://openalex.org/W1999035972","https://openalex.org/W2004192642","https://openalex.org/W2005671831","https://openalex.org/W2015275644","https://openalex.org/W2019750535","https://openalex.org/W2019784047","https://openalex.org/W2025516544","https://openalex.org/W2030641935","https://openalex.org/W2034034477","https://openalex.org/W2037529689","https://openalex.org/W2038800295","https://openalex.org/W2040530211","https://openalex.org/W2041090186","https://openalex.org/W2078871390","https://openalex.org/W2092231012","https://openalex.org/W2096082137","https://openalex.org/W2096924029","https://openalex.org/W2104136310","https://openalex.org/W2106589762","https://openalex.org/W2107577926","https://openalex.org/W2108658640","https://openalex.org/W2111586337","https://openalex.org/W2114322273","https://openalex.org/W2116750875","https://openalex.org/W2116775565","https://openalex.org/W2118654828","https://openalex.org/W2123124978","https://openalex.org/W2124402195","https://openalex.org/W2124618076","https://openalex.org/W2127343661","https://openalex.org/W2128755437","https://openalex.org/W2129477818","https://openalex.org/W2135966495","https://openalex.org/W2136841933","https://openalex.org/W2137680068","https://openalex.org/W2138383740","https://openalex.org/W2139093372","https://openalex.org/W2139286506","https://openalex.org/W2139637699","https://openalex.org/W2140645577","https://openalex.org/W2148080345","https://openalex.org/W2148557932","https://openalex.org/W2150629048","https://openalex.org/W2151329817","https://openalex.org/W2155984205","https://openalex.org/W2156411161","https://openalex.org/W2156662599","https://openalex.org/W2156941351","https://openalex.org/W2157431560","https://openalex.org/W2161778007","https://openalex.org/W2165783907","https://openalex.org/W2168881792","https://openalex.org/W2169952903","https://openalex.org/W2602816542","https://openalex.org/W3145680189","https://openalex.org/W4210389905","https://openalex.org/W4241445928","https://openalex.org/W4250094195","https://openalex.org/W4252649902","https://openalex.org/W4254947099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013037783","https://openalex.org/W2909413202","https://openalex.org/W1999008563","https://openalex.org/W4385243142","https://openalex.org/W2561644314","https://openalex.org/W2794118724","https://openalex.org/W2912135124","https://openalex.org/W2110265185","https://openalex.org/W3146360095","https://openalex.org/W2184011203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,91,99,110,153,164,170,182,211,228,231,238,255,266],"size":[2],"and":[3,96,172,187,194,272],"density":[4],"of":[5,36,67,87,113,120,157,205,220,230,237,257,268],"silicon":[6],"chips":[7,121],"continue":[8],"to":[9,31,56,82,108,135,140,149,166,181,191,218,270],"increase,":[10],"maintaining":[11],"acceptable":[12],"manufacturing":[13,115],"yields":[14],"has":[15,93],"become":[16],"increasingly":[17],"difficult.":[18],"Recent":[19],"works":[20],"suggest":[21],"that":[22,47,106,122,249],"lithography":[23],"techniques":[24,46],"are":[25,160],"reaching":[26],"their":[27],"limits":[28],"with":[29],"respect":[30],"enabling":[32],"high":[33],"yield":[34,112],"fabrication":[35,50],"small-scale":[37],"devices,":[38,69],"thus":[39],"there":[40],"is":[41,61,147],"an":[42,276],"increasing":[43],"need":[44],"for":[45,80,254],"can":[48,215,234,260],"tolerate":[49,216,235],"time":[51],"defects.":[52],"One":[53],"candidate":[54],"technology":[55],"help":[57],"combat":[58],"these":[59,158],"defects":[60],"reconfigurable":[62,68],"hardware.":[63],"The":[64,155],"flexible":[65],"nature":[66,229],"such":[70],"as":[71,127],"Field":[72],"Programmable":[73],"Gate":[74],"Arrays":[75],"(FPGAs),":[76],"makes":[77],"it":[78],"possible":[79],"them":[81,142],"route":[83,273],"around":[84],"defective":[85],"areas":[86],"a":[88,104,118,133,203],"chip":[89],"after":[90],"device":[92,208],"been":[94],"packaged":[95],"deployed":[97],"into":[98],"field.":[100],"This":[101],"work":[102],"presents":[103],"technique":[105],"aims":[107],"increase":[109],"effective":[111],"FPGA":[114],"by":[116,163],"re-claiming":[117],"portion":[119],"would":[123],"be":[124,262],"ordinarily":[125],"classified":[126],"unusable.":[128],"In":[129],"brief,":[130],"we":[131,176],"propose":[132],"modification":[134],"existing":[136],"commercial":[137,184,250],"toolchain":[138,165,185,213],"flows":[139],"make":[141],"fault":[143],"aware.":[144],"A":[145],"phase":[146],"added":[148],"identify":[150],"faults":[151,159,168,259,269],"within":[152],"chip.":[154],"locations":[156],"then":[161],"used":[162],"avoid":[167],"during":[169],"placement":[171],"routing":[173,195,240],"phase.":[174],"Specifically,":[175],"have":[177],"applied":[178],"our":[179],"approach":[180],"Xilinx":[183],"flow":[186,214],"evaluated":[188],"its":[189],"tolerance":[190],"both":[192],"logic":[193,221],"resource":[196],"faults.":[197],"Our":[198],"findings":[199],"show":[200],"that,":[201],"at":[202],"cost":[204],"5--10%":[206],"in":[207,265,275],"frequency":[209],"performance,":[210],"modified":[212],"up":[217],"30%":[219],"resources":[222,241],"being":[223,242],"faulty":[224],"and,":[225],"depending":[226],"on":[227],"target":[232],"application,":[233],"1--30%":[236],"device's":[239],"faulty.":[243],"These":[244],"results":[245],"provide":[246],"strong":[247],"evidence":[248],"toolchains":[251],"not":[252],"designed":[253],"purpose":[256],"tolerating":[258],"still":[261],"greatly":[263],"leveraged":[264],"presence":[267],"place":[271],"circuits":[274],"efficient":[277],"manner.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}