{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033529349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699276.2721398","title":"Rapid photorealistic blendshapes from commodity RGB-D sensors","display_name":"Rapid photorealistic blendshapes from commodity RGB-D sensors","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033529349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699276.2721398","mag":"2033529349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699276.2721398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699276.2721398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009513081","display_name":"Dan Casas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-089X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dan Casas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009568593","display_name":"Oleg Alexander","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oleg Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066604966","display_name":"Andrew Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1675-745X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew W. Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056746718","display_name":"Graham Fyffe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham Fyffe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009328118","display_name":"Ryosuke Ichikari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1784-0538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryosuke Ichikari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047876260","display_name":"Paul Debevec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7381-2323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Debevec","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040396438","display_name":"Rhuizhe Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rhuizhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113532305","display_name":"Evan A. Suma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan Suma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062006413","display_name":"Ari Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8626-4119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"Southern California University for Professional Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ari Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009513081"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I2800817003"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74218619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"134","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9401999711990356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.848167896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retargeting","display_name":"Retargeting","score":0.8286318778991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6989185810089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6531098484992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-motion-capture","display_name":"Facial motion capture","score":0.5853578448295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5653062462806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.5368464589118958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5351114869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5229616761207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.5007870197296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.4945022761821747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4733978509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.4251110553741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4187842011451721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.3968762159347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.37307360768318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.17965534329414368}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.848167896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780575108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316652","display_name":"Retargeting","level":2,"score":0.8286318778991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6989185810089111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6531098484992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.5853578448295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5653062462806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.5368464589118958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5351114869117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5229616761207581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.5007870197296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.4945022761821747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4733978509902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.4251110553741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4187842011451721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.3968762159347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.37307360768318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.17965534329414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699276.2721398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699276.2721398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 19th Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5618972156","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-14-D-0005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156428627","https://openalex.org/W1544039745","https://openalex.org/W4385825592","https://openalex.org/W2051832886","https://openalex.org/W2290177464","https://openalex.org/W2748502319","https://openalex.org/W2401874398","https://openalex.org/W2165663879","https://openalex.org/W2906438086","https://openalex.org/W615219140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Creating":[0],"and":[1,27,39,55,84,106,112,136,142,159,179],"animating":[2],"a":[3,24,48,63,73,80,100,108,124,143],"realistic":[4],"3D":[5,21,41,53,109,172],"human":[6,25,177],"face":[7,22,138,152],"has":[8],"been":[9],"an":[10,131,184],"important":[11],"task":[12],"in":[13,35,183],"computer":[14],"graphics.":[15,42],"The":[16,96],"capability":[17],"of":[18,23,75,92,102,117,166,175],"capturing":[19,135,171],"the":[20,57,90,93,164,167],"subject":[26],"reanimate":[28],"it":[29,122],"quickly":[30],"will":[31],"find":[32],"many":[33],"applications":[34],"games,":[36],"training":[37],"simulations,":[38],"interactive":[40],"In":[43],"this":[44],"paper,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"system":[49,97,186],"to":[50,104,120],"capture":[51,94,105],"photorealistic":[52],"faces":[54],"generate":[56,72],"blendshape":[58,125,139],"models":[59,140,174,182],"automatically":[60],"using":[61],"only":[62,99,113],"single":[64,81],"commodity":[65],"RGB-D":[66],"sensor.":[67],"Our":[68,127],"method":[69,145,169],"can":[70],"rapidly":[71],"set":[74],"expressive":[76],"facial":[77,110,156,173,189],"poses":[78],"from":[79],"Microsoft":[82],"Kinect":[83],"requires":[85,114],"no":[86],"artistic":[87],"expertise":[88],"on":[89],"part":[91],"subject.":[95],"takes":[98],"matter":[101],"seconds":[103],"produce":[107],"pose":[111],"4":[115],"minutes":[116],"processing":[118],"time":[119],"transform":[121],"into":[123],"model.":[126],"main":[128],"contributions":[129],"include":[130],"end-to-end":[132],"pipeline":[133],"for":[134],"generating":[137],"automatically,":[141],"registration":[144],"that":[146],"solves":[147],"dense":[148],"correspondences":[149],"between":[150],"two":[151],"scans":[153],"by":[154,170],"utilizing":[155],"landmark":[157],"detection":[158],"optical":[160],"flow.":[161],"We":[162],"demonstrate":[163],"effectiveness":[165],"proposed":[168],"different":[176],"subjects":[178],"puppeteering":[180],"their":[181],"animation":[185],"with":[187],"real-time":[188],"performance":[190],"retargeting.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}