{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043442998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699255","title":"The Effect of Wrinkles, Presentation Mode, and Intensity on the Perception of Facial Actions and Full-Face Expressions of Laughter","display_name":"The Effect of Wrinkles, Presentation Mode, and Intensity on the Perception of Facial Actions and Full-Face Expressions of Laughter","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043442998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699255","mag":"2043442998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075676076","display_name":"Rados\u0142aw Niewiadomski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0476-0803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radoslaw Niewiadomski","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079026902","display_name":"Catherine P\u00e9lachaud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-0799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12356871","display_name":"T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/01naq7912","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165912","display_name":"Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l\u2019Information","ror":"https://ror.org/057er4c39","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210165912"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Pelachaud","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS-LTCI, Telecom-ParisTech, France;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS-LTCI, Telecom-ParisTech, France;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12356871","https://openalex.org/I4210165912","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8331462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9406999945640564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.7473277449607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7052369117736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.6406702995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6354362964630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.5471266508102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laughter","display_name":"Laughter","score":0.5028247237205505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4997127056121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.49804258346557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-action-coding-system","display_name":"Facial Action Coding System","score":0.4791085720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.466266930103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.45858049392700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4548124372959137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.4355209767818451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.36794137954711914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3637534976005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35909634828567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.32432547211647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31107789278030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.20787635445594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.14962878823280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.09461840987205505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.7473277449607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7052369117736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.6406702995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6354362964630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.5471266508102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170579","display_name":"Laughter","level":2,"score":0.5028247237205505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4997127056121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.49804258346557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40346341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391629","display_name":"Facial Action Coding System","level":3,"score":0.4791085720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.466266930103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.45858049392700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4548124372959137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.4355209767818451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.36794137954711914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3637534976005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35909634828567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.32432547211647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31107789278030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.20787635445594788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.14962878823280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.09461840987205505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2699255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2699255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32453091","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","issn_l":"1544-3558","issn":["1544-3558","1544-3965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.708.4848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.708.4848","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.infomus.org/people/radek/papers/ACMTAP_niewiadomskietal_draft.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/848081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11567/848081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/280591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/280591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W159611050","https://openalex.org/W384560029","https://openalex.org/W1486414894","https://openalex.org/W1490382748","https://openalex.org/W1495772310","https://openalex.org/W1532599774","https://openalex.org/W1538497448","https://openalex.org/W1565009026","https://openalex.org/W1566352379","https://openalex.org/W1571620383","https://openalex.org/W1582342988","https://openalex.org/W1666229076","https://openalex.org/W1964422354","https://openalex.org/W1969300939","https://openalex.org/W1982707943","https://openalex.org/W1988868336","https://openalex.org/W1994884977","https://openalex.org/W1996420555","https://openalex.org/W1997683930","https://openalex.org/W2014299410","https://openalex.org/W2021762856","https://openalex.org/W2026118130","https://openalex.org/W2031152080","https://openalex.org/W2040215065","https://openalex.org/W2057884665","https://openalex.org/W2076017598","https://openalex.org/W2107716346","https://openalex.org/W2108385997","https://openalex.org/W2108952035","https://openalex.org/W2112641756","https://openalex.org/W2132947339","https://openalex.org/W2153548469","https://openalex.org/W2155248041","https://openalex.org/W2159190230","https://openalex.org/W2169235472","https://openalex.org/W2171289357","https://openalex.org/W2278257680","https://openalex.org/W2479414554","https://openalex.org/W2770788831","https://openalex.org/W2900790966","https://openalex.org/W2916132351","https://openalex.org/W3024470950","https://openalex.org/W3024855173","https://openalex.org/W4235534324","https://openalex.org/W4239078262","https://openalex.org/W4245710178","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6830854068"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012415311","https://openalex.org/W2130087906","https://openalex.org/W1998708415","https://openalex.org/W3169168314","https://openalex.org/W3153565281","https://openalex.org/W2627086084","https://openalex.org/W1968135759","https://openalex.org/W1554897737","https://openalex.org/W2275074989","https://openalex.org/W2284614912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,52],"the":[4,17,31,41,58,77,82,135,161,169,173,176,184,194,199],"identification":[5,59,162,185],"and":[6,20,43,60,65,76,98,121,141,146,156,167,191],"perception":[7,21,44,61],"of":[8,22,26,34,45,62,79,84,117,124,137,163,172,186,201,212],"facial":[9],"action":[10,36,119,165,189],"units":[11,37,120,166],"displayed":[12,214],"alone":[13],"as":[14,16],"well":[15],"meaning":[18,196],"decoding":[19,42],"full-face":[23,46,66,122,147,202],"synthesized":[24,102],"expressions":[25,213],"laughter.":[27],"We":[28],"argue":[29],"that":[30,55,95,154],"adequate":[32],"representation":[33],"single":[35,63,118,144,164,188],"is":[38],"important":[39,208],"in":[40,143,183],"expressions.":[47,149,203],"In":[48],"particular,":[49],"we":[50,87,114,129],"focus":[51],"three":[53],"factors":[54,206],"may":[56],"influence":[57,159,193],"actions":[64,145],"expressions:":[67],"their":[68,74],"presentation":[69,138,157],"mode":[70,158],"(static":[71],"vs.":[72],"dynamic),":[73],"intensity,":[75,140],"presence":[78],"wrinkles.":[80],"For":[81],"purpose":[83],"this":[85],"study,":[86],"used":[88],"a":[89,106,187],"hybrid":[90],"approach":[91],"for":[92,209],"animation":[93,112,200],"synthesis":[94],"combines":[96],"data-driven":[97],"procedural":[99],"animations":[100,116],"with":[101],"wrinkles":[103,142,179],"generated":[104],"using":[105],"bump":[107],"mapping":[108],"method.":[109],"Using":[110],"such":[111],"technique,":[113],"created":[115],"movements":[123],"two":[125,131],"virtual":[126,216],"characters.":[127,217],"Next,":[128],"conducted":[130],"studies":[132],"to":[133,198],"evaluate":[134],"role":[136],"mode,":[139],"context-free":[148],"Our":[150],"evaluation":[151],"results":[152],"show":[153],"intensity":[155],"(1)":[160],"(2)":[168],"perceived":[170,195],"quality":[171],"animation.":[174],"At":[175],"same":[177],"time,":[178],"(3)":[180],"are":[181,207],"useful":[182],"unit":[190],"(4)":[192],"attached":[197],"Thus,":[204],"all":[205],"successful":[210],"communication":[211],"by":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}