{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094245741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2677046.2677048","title":"Traffic Analysis of Encrypted Messaging Services","display_name":"Traffic Analysis of Encrypted Messaging Services","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094245741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2677046.2677048","mag":"2094245741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2677046.2677048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2677046.2677048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027501147","display_name":"Scott E. Coull","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6921-1842"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott E. Coull","raw_affiliation_strings":["RedJack, LLC, Silver Spring, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RedJack, LLC, Silver Spring, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091357069","display_name":"Kevin P. Dyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin P. Dyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA","(Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7276,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93807122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"5","first_page":"5","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.9506562948226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.8542553186416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8303530216217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instant-messaging","display_name":"Instant messaging","score":0.7421184778213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6469273567199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5623290538787842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.5056653022766113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.45739707350730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-analysis","display_name":"Traffic analysis","score":0.42535510659217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4112859070301056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.40624237060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.38827279210090637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.9506562948226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.8542553186416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8303530216217041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985487447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58199","display_name":"Instant messaging","level":2,"score":0.7421184778213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6469273567199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5623290538787842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.5056653022766113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.45739707350730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781317605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832483","display_name":"Traffic analysis","level":2,"score":0.42535510659217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4112859070301056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.40624237060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.38827279210090637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2677046.2677048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2677046.2677048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W630532510","https://openalex.org/W1608222975","https://openalex.org/W1916902331","https://openalex.org/W2021949962","https://openalex.org/W2040516461","https://openalex.org/W2099129595","https://openalex.org/W2108217512","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2135088779","https://openalex.org/W2135579486","https://openalex.org/W2167266744","https://openalex.org/W2282906352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387918499","https://openalex.org/W2772112465","https://openalex.org/W4386360526","https://openalex.org/W2368710903","https://openalex.org/W2158905603","https://openalex.org/W2766105476","https://openalex.org/W2208749249","https://openalex.org/W3166874438","https://openalex.org/W4289314221","https://openalex.org/W4206366499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Instant":[0],"messaging":[1,140],"services":[2,46],"are":[3,55,126],"quickly":[4],"becoming":[5],"the":[6,15,63,86,92,103,112,124],"most":[7],"dominant":[8],"form":[9],"of":[10,44,88,94,105,114],"communication":[11],"among":[12],"consumers":[13],"around":[14],"world.":[16],"Apple":[17,122],"iMessage,":[18,123],"for":[19,62,77],"example,":[20],"handles":[21],"over":[22],"2":[23],"billion":[24,32],"messages":[25,33,96],"each":[26],"day,":[27],"while":[28],"WhatsApp":[29],"claims":[30],"16":[31],"from":[34],"400":[35],"million":[36],"international":[37],"users.":[38],"To":[39],"protect":[40],"user":[41,84],"privacy,":[42],"many":[43,138],"these":[45],"typically":[47],"implement":[48],"end-to-end":[49],"and":[50,90,129,145],"transport":[51],"layer":[52],"encryption,":[53],"which":[54],"meant":[56],"to":[57,80,137],"make":[58],"eavesdropping":[59],"infeasible":[60],"even":[61,91],"service":[64],"providers":[65],"themselves.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"however,":[70],"we":[71,130],"show":[72,131],"that":[73],"it":[74],"is":[75],"possible":[76],"an":[78],"eavesdropper":[79],"learn":[81],"information":[82],"about":[83],"actions,":[85],"language":[87],"messages,":[89],"length":[93],"those":[95],"with":[97],"greater":[98],"than":[99],"96%":[100],"accuracy":[101],"despite":[102],"use":[104],"state-of-the-art":[106],"encryption":[107],"technologies":[108],"simply":[109],"by":[110],"observing":[111],"sizes":[113],"encrypted":[115],"packets.":[116],"While":[117],"our":[118],"evaluation":[119],"focuses":[120],"on":[121],"attacks":[125],"completely":[127],"generic":[128],"how":[132],"they":[133],"can":[134],"be":[135],"applied":[136],"popular":[139],"services,":[141],"including":[142],"WhatsApp,":[143],"Viber,":[144],"Telegram.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
