{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049130959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674942","title":"M-ary Code Shift Keying Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with Gold Sequence Using in Underwater Acoustic Communication","display_name":"M-ary Code Shift Keying Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with Gold Sequence Using in Underwater Acoustic Communication","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049130959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674942","mag":"2049130959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2671490.2674942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674942","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Underwater Networks %Systems - WUWNET '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101052691","display_name":"Zongxin Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"ZongXin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory; College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory; College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030773043","display_name":"Gang Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-0015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory; College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory","College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory; College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101476708","display_name":"Yang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9592-8191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101052691"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13612764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-code","display_name":"Gold code","score":0.7617907524108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.6972231268882751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.6721020340919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.6192904710769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.5690585970878601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.5492409467697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5309393405914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5019626617431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.4462941586971283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37109124660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3235816955566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.21106010675430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.14395084977149963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.09874489903450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09832963347434998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3716999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2635984","display_name":"Gold code","level":4,"score":0.7617907524108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.6972231268882751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.6721020340919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6192904710769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.5690585970878601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.5492409467697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5309393405914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5019626617431641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.4462941586971283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37109124660491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3235816955566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.21106010675430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14395084977149963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.09874489903450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09832963347434998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2671490.2674942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2671490.2674942","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Underwater Networks %Systems - WUWNET '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W966819081","https://openalex.org/W1581590444","https://openalex.org/W1967726420","https://openalex.org/W2037669042","https://openalex.org/W2044598580","https://openalex.org/W2073442990","https://openalex.org/W2081936089","https://openalex.org/W2093798349","https://openalex.org/W2100866919","https://openalex.org/W2128195381","https://openalex.org/W2143406517","https://openalex.org/W2170984917","https://openalex.org/W3114767919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224302876","https://openalex.org/W2304504342","https://openalex.org/W2358841638","https://openalex.org/W2147265311","https://openalex.org/W2072116209","https://openalex.org/W2358386710","https://openalex.org/W2104157897","https://openalex.org/W2917746441","https://openalex.org/W2108304524","https://openalex.org/W1987807122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Owing":[0],"to":[1,139],"its":[2],"anti-noise":[3],"and":[4,33,82,96,103,114,128],"anti-fading":[5],"abilities,":[6],"spread":[7],"spectrum":[8],"communication":[9,41],"is":[10,30,109,122,137],"widely":[11],"applied":[12],"in":[13],"the":[14,20,24,36,65,106,112,140,144,153,156],"underwater":[15],"acoustic":[16],"(UWA)":[17],"field.":[18],"But":[19],"data":[21],"rate":[22],"of":[23,38,101,119,147,155],"Direct":[25],"Sequence":[26],"Spread":[27],"Spectrum":[28],"(DSSS)":[29],"very":[31],"low,":[32],"cannot":[34],"meet":[35],"needs":[37],"long-range":[39],"UWA":[40,115,129],"at":[42],"present.":[43],"This":[44,88],"paper":[45],"proposes":[46],"a":[47,69,76,83],"method,":[48],"named":[49],"M-ary":[50,54,120,135],"CSK-DS,":[51],"which":[52],"combines":[53],"DSSS":[55],"schemes":[56],"with":[57],"code":[58,85,93],"shift":[59],"keying":[60],"(CSK).":[61],"Gold":[62],"sequences,":[63,67],"as":[64],"basic":[66],"occupy":[68],"fine":[70],"periodic":[71,77],"auto":[72],"correlation":[73,79],"function":[74,80],"(PACF),":[75],"cross":[78],"(PCCF)":[81],"large":[84],"set":[86],"size.":[87],"method":[89,108],"utilizes":[90],"sequence":[91],"information,":[92,95],"phase":[94],"polarity":[97],"information.":[98],"The":[99,117,131],"influence":[100],"PACF":[102],"PCCF":[104],"on":[105],"proposed":[107],"analyzed":[110],"over":[111,126],"AWGN":[113,127],"channels.":[116,130],"performance":[118],"CSK-DS":[121,136],"evaluated":[123],"through":[124],"simulation":[125],"results":[132],"show":[133],"that":[134],"superior":[138],"conventional":[141],"methods.":[142],"In":[143],"last":[145],"part":[146],"this":[148],"paper,":[149],"an":[150],"experiment":[151],"demonstrates":[152],"correctness":[154],"simulation.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}