{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1984195439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2667105","title":"Building and Optimizing MRAM-Based Commodity Memories","display_name":"Building and Optimizing MRAM-Based Commodity Memories","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1984195439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2667105","mag":"1984195439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2667105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2667105","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2667105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2667105","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440627","display_name":"Jue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1872-8457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083960440","display_name":"Xiangyu Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5638-7558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Technologies, Inc","QUALCOMM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Technologies, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QUALCOMM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385336","display_name":"Yuan Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2093-1788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","University of California, Santa Barbara, Ca#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Ca#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100440627"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5752,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82132811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.9341254234313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.794498085975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7589535117149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.531507670879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5150787234306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5007646083831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-memory","display_name":"Universal memory","score":0.42002034187316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.33153659105300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.25423169136047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.21859964728355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2178657054901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.2002810537815094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaved-memory","display_name":"Interleaved memory","score":0.13662612438201904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07594209909439087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.9341254234313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.794498085975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7589535117149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.531507670879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5150787234306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5007646083831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195053848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7894141","display_name":"Universal memory","level":5,"score":0.42002034187316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.33153659105300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.25423169136047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.21859964728355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2178657054901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.2002810537815094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63511323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908936","display_name":"Interleaved memory","level":4,"score":0.13662612438201904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07594209909439087}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2667105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2667105","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2667105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-133452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-133452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2667105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2667105","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2667105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26056741","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","issn_l":"1544-3566","issn":["1544-3566","1544-3973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1205375164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1409798","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1488043179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0005026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5283130955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1218867","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6050060231","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8137092113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1213052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8176671838","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SC0005026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984195439.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1984195439.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W876765028","https://openalex.org/W1487697053","https://openalex.org/W1963552944","https://openalex.org/W1964316448","https://openalex.org/W1988858501","https://openalex.org/W1998259214","https://openalex.org/W2010202670","https://openalex.org/W2014872264","https://openalex.org/W2027886943","https://openalex.org/W2035257891","https://openalex.org/W2041209283","https://openalex.org/W2047427636","https://openalex.org/W2047982556","https://openalex.org/W2048588974","https://openalex.org/W2064344201","https://openalex.org/W2065778655","https://openalex.org/W2071469142","https://openalex.org/W2072753794","https://openalex.org/W2084007230","https://openalex.org/W2091878512","https://openalex.org/W2096259250","https://openalex.org/W2097823832","https://openalex.org/W2100384468","https://openalex.org/W2100799944","https://openalex.org/W2101193087","https://openalex.org/W2102449048","https://openalex.org/W2104305170","https://openalex.org/W2108048675","https://openalex.org/W2115172404","https://openalex.org/W2119092821","https://openalex.org/W2122646225","https://openalex.org/W2129513794","https://openalex.org/W2129991978","https://openalex.org/W2131413854","https://openalex.org/W2134312622","https://openalex.org/W2135393827","https://openalex.org/W2138449721","https://openalex.org/W2138661001","https://openalex.org/W2139766816","https://openalex.org/W2142875853","https://openalex.org/W2144154231","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2147926533","https://openalex.org/W2147932103","https://openalex.org/W2155551886","https://openalex.org/W2156403661","https://openalex.org/W2162639668","https://openalex.org/W2162838417","https://openalex.org/W2165473669","https://openalex.org/W2165697076","https://openalex.org/W2270416017","https://openalex.org/W2294978604","https://openalex.org/W3139689176","https://openalex.org/W3145579537","https://openalex.org/W3150612471","https://openalex.org/W3150685302","https://openalex.org/W4206010581","https://openalex.org/W4236312724","https://openalex.org/W4236382111","https://openalex.org/W4240163901","https://openalex.org/W4247470388","https://openalex.org/W4247787189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2372007526","https://openalex.org/W2516517078","https://openalex.org/W2161286015","https://openalex.org/W4235980920","https://openalex.org/W2150909864","https://openalex.org/W3146763006","https://openalex.org/W4372325124","https://openalex.org/W4382618825","https://openalex.org/W4211178602","https://openalex.org/W4386903460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"non-volatile":[1],"memory":[2,13,32],"technologies":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5],"MRAM":[6,22,37,46,68,93,111,119],"are":[7,34],"promising":[8],"design":[9],"solutions":[10],"for":[11,16],"energy-efficient":[12],"architecture,":[14],"especially":[15],"mobile":[17],"systems.":[18],"However,":[19],"building":[20],"commodity":[21],"by":[23,90,113],"reusing":[24],"DRAM":[25],"designs":[26],"is":[27],"not":[28],"straightforward.":[29],"The":[30],"existing":[31],"interfaces":[33],"incompatible":[35],"with":[36],"small":[38],"page":[39],"size,":[40],"and":[41,52,64,82,84,99,115],"they":[42],"fail":[43],"to":[44,62,71,77,86],"leverage":[45],"unique":[47,94],"properties,":[48],"causing":[49],"unnecessary":[50,79],"performance":[51,89,112],"energy":[53],"overhead.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"article,":[57],"we":[58,108],"propose":[59],"four":[60],"techniques":[61,106],"enable":[63],"optimize":[65],"an":[66],"LPDDRx-compatible":[67],"solution:":[69],"ComboAS":[70],"solve":[72],"the":[73,92,110],"pin":[74],"incompatibility;":[75],"DynLat":[76],"avoid":[78],"access":[80],"latencies;":[81],"EarlyPA":[83],"BufW":[85],"further":[87],"improve":[88],"exploiting":[91],"features":[95],"of":[96],"non-destructive":[97],"read":[98],"independent":[100],"write":[101],"path.":[102],"Combining":[103],"all":[104],"these":[105],"together,":[107],"boost":[109],"17%":[114],"provide":[116],"a":[117],"DRAM-compatible":[118],"solution":[120],"consuming":[121],"21%":[122],"less":[123],"energy.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}