{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965505845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2663474.2663476","title":"Security and Science of Agility","display_name":"Security and Science of Agility","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965505845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2663474.2663476","mag":"1965505845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2663474.2663476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2663474.2663476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055368149","display_name":"Patrick McDaniel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2091-7484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick McDaniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, University Park, USA","Penn State University , University Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University , University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055045569","display_name":"Trent Jaeger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trent Jaeger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, University Park, USA","Penn State University , University Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University , University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073465096","display_name":"Thomas La Porta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-4461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas F. La Porta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, University Park, USA","Penn State University , University Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University , University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018809423","display_name":"Nicolas Papernot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-7233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Papernot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, University Park, USA","Penn State University , University Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University , University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076667950","display_name":"Robert J. Walls","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-6403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Walls","raw_affiliation_strings":["Penn State University, University Park, USA","Penn State University , University Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University, University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State University , University Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012477590","display_name":"Alexander Kott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-9726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Kott","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046238604","display_name":"Lisa M. Marvel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Marvel","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, USA","United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113663310","display_name":"Ananthram Swami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ananthram Swami","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, USA","United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086439160","display_name":"Prasant Mohapatra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2768-5308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prasant Mohapatra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Davis, Davis, USA","University of California, Davis, Davis, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Davis, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086268637","display_name":"Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-4381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Davis, Davis, USA","University of California, Davis, Davis, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Davis, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Davis, Davis, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012137980","display_name":"Iulian Neamtiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9730-9650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iulian Neamtiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Riverside, Riverside, USA","University of California-Riverside, Riverside, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Riverside, Riverside, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California-Riverside, Riverside, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055368149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84103009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6280004382133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6258711814880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generality","display_name":"Generality","score":0.6231773495674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alliance","display_name":"Alliance","score":0.48425886034965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4753517806529999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4179023802280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4071006774902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.37146276235580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3356989026069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2012995481491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.19727346301078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08970922231674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08425506949424744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6280004382133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6258711814880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.6231773495674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778431023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878249","display_name":"Alliance","level":2,"score":0.48425886034965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4753517806529999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4179023802280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4071006774902344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.37146276235580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3356989026069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2012995481491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.19727346301078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08970922231674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08425506949424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2663474.2663476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2663474.2663476","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2043895709","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-13-2-0045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491131982","https://openalex.org/W1581993637","https://openalex.org/W1590099998","https://openalex.org/W1996636069","https://openalex.org/W2000052795","https://openalex.org/W2005708967","https://openalex.org/W2060373563","https://openalex.org/W2093397575","https://openalex.org/W2116269350","https://openalex.org/W2123735079","https://openalex.org/W2137646287","https://openalex.org/W2158937195","https://openalex.org/W2197836422","https://openalex.org/W2215557951","https://openalex.org/W2494110282","https://openalex.org/W2503869749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045049461","https://openalex.org/W1978893398","https://openalex.org/W2201908702","https://openalex.org/W4381094582","https://openalex.org/W2369625323","https://openalex.org/W2364579609","https://openalex.org/W1977906818","https://openalex.org/W1522139108","https://openalex.org/W2353528968","https://openalex.org/W2032776242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Moving":[0],"target":[1,81],"defenses":[2,15,82],"alter":[3],"the":[4,69,90,95,107,121],"environment":[5,44],"in":[6,45,133,166],"response":[7,46],"to":[8,40,47,93,102,105,117,126,150,161],"adversarial":[9],"action":[10],"and":[11,100,119,135,139,169,175],"perceived":[12],"threats.":[13],"Such":[14],"are":[16,83],"a":[17,21,41,48,57,72,84],"specific":[18,157],"example":[19],"of":[20,24,71,75,78,97,109,123,144,172,177],"broader":[22],"class":[23],"system":[25,29,42,76],"management":[26],"techniques":[27],"called":[28],"agility.":[30,127],"In":[31,87],"its":[32,178],"fullest":[33],"generality,":[34],"agility":[35],"is":[36],"any":[37],"reasoned":[38],"modification":[39],"or":[43,51],"functional,":[49],"performance,":[50],"security":[52,108],"need.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"details":[56],"recently":[58],"launched":[59],"10-year":[60],"Cyber-Security":[61],"Collaborative":[62],"Research":[63],"Alliance":[64],"effort":[65],"focused":[66],"in-part":[67],"on":[68],"development":[70],"new":[73],"science":[74],"agility,":[77],"which":[79],"moving":[80],"central":[85],"theme.":[86],"this":[88],"context,":[89],"consortium":[91],"seeks":[92],"address":[94],"questions":[96],"when,":[98],"what,":[99],"how":[101,116],"employ":[103],"changes":[104],"improve":[106],"an":[110],"environment,":[111],"as":[112,114],"well":[113],"consider":[115,170],"measure":[118],"weigh":[120],"effectiveness":[122],"different":[124],"approaches":[125],"We":[128,153],"discuss":[129],"several":[130,141],"fundamental":[131],"challenges":[132],"developing":[134],"using":[136],"MTD":[137,158],"maneuvers,":[138],"outline":[140],"broad":[142],"classes":[143],"mechanisms":[145,159],"that":[146],"can":[147],"be":[148],"used":[149,160],"implement":[151],"them.":[152],"conclude":[154],"by":[155],"detailing":[156],"adaptively":[162],"quarantine":[163],"vulnerable":[164],"code":[165],"Android":[167],"applications,":[168],"ways":[171],"comparing":[173],"cost":[174],"payout":[176],"use.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
