{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007138980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661387","title":"Implementation and evaluation of animation controls sufficient for conveying ASL facial expressions","display_name":"Implementation and evaluation of animation controls sufficient for conveying ASL facial expressions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007138980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661387","mag":"2007138980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2661334.2661387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers & accessibility - ASSETS '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009475920","display_name":"Hernisa Kacorri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-308X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hernisa Kacorri","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA","[The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[The Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034572826","display_name":"Matt Huenerfauth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6290-2681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155173764","display_name":"Rochester Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yb702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matt Huenerfauth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA","Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester , NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester , NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009475920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6735664,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85408672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"261","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.844602108001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.6849184632301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.6744092702865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6445319056510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.5919042825698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5636906623840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5633214116096497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-actor","display_name":"Virtual actor","score":0.5620654821395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-sign-language","display_name":"American Sign Language","score":0.545346736907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5149310231208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-animation","display_name":"Character animation","score":0.5064023733139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4703616797924042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4602273106575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.4239039719104767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.42210423946380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.41787755489349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.38819077610969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3788374066352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.21198073029518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.17018646001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.16656246781349182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10261929035186768}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.844602108001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.6849184632301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.6744092702865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6445319056510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5919042825698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5636906623840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5633214116096497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150303390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1983852","display_name":"Virtual actor","level":3,"score":0.5620654821395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776737515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14759","display_name":"American Sign Language","level":3,"score":0.545346736907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5149310231208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.5064023733139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4703616797924042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4602273106575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4239039719104767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.42210423946380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.41787755489349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.38819077610969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3788374066352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.21198073029518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.17018646001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.16656246781349182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10261929035186768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2661334.2661387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661387","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers & accessibility - ASSETS '14","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1833720893","https://openalex.org/W2000478109","https://openalex.org/W2163541894","https://openalex.org/W2762111401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251524041","https://openalex.org/W3094080214","https://openalex.org/W2060095971","https://openalex.org/W3088156289","https://openalex.org/W2097922480","https://openalex.org/W1521793179","https://openalex.org/W3040900128","https://openalex.org/W15413993","https://openalex.org/W2047913249","https://openalex.org/W3092189517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technology":[0],"to":[1,22,26,55],"automatically":[2],"synthesize":[3],"linguistically":[4],"accurate":[5],"and":[6,28,53],"natural-looking":[7],"animations":[8,94],"of":[9,45,58,95],"American":[10],"Sign":[11],"Language":[12],"(ASL)":[13],"from":[14],"an":[15],"easy-to-update":[16],"script":[17],"would":[18],"make":[19],"it":[20],"easier":[21],"add":[23],"ASL":[24,46],"content":[25],"websites":[27],"media,":[29],"thereby":[30],"increasing":[31],"information":[32],"accessibility":[33],"for":[34,91],"many":[35],"people":[36],"who":[37],"are":[38,41,50],"deaf.":[39],"We":[40],"investigating":[42],"the":[43,56,75],"synthesis":[44],"facial":[47,96],"expressions,":[48],"which":[49],"grammatically":[51],"required":[52],"essential":[54],"meaning":[57],"sentences.":[59],"To":[60],"support":[61],"this":[62],"research,":[63],"we":[64,84],"have":[65],"enhanced":[66],"a":[67,82],"virtual":[68],"human":[69],"character":[70],"with":[71],"face":[72],"controls":[73,88],"following":[74],"MPEG-4":[76],"Facial":[77],"Action":[78],"Parameter":[79],"standard.":[80],"In":[81],"user-study,":[83],"determined":[85],"that":[86],"these":[87],"were":[89],"sufficient":[90],"conveying":[92],"understandable":[93],"expressions.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}