{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137724742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660460.2660465","title":"Computing classic closeness centrality, at scale","display_name":"Computing classic closeness centrality, at scale","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137724742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660460.2660465","mag":"2137724742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660460.2660465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660460.2660465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Online social networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.0035","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Edith Cohen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edith Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniel Delling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Delling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thomas Pajor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Pajor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Renato F. Werneck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renato F. Werneck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Mountain View, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.9797000288963318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closeness","display_name":"Closeness","score":0.7968999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.6470999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.39890000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.7968999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.6470999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6312000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660460.2660465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660460.2660465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Online social networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1409.0035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.0035","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.0035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1409.0035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.0035","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.0035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1536060130","https://openalex.org/W1965996575","https://openalex.org/W1967570846","https://openalex.org/W1971937094","https://openalex.org/W1979819093","https://openalex.org/W1994727615","https://openalex.org/W1999634786","https://openalex.org/W2001907516","https://openalex.org/W2002039869","https://openalex.org/W2003579987","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2025844353","https://openalex.org/W2034050320","https://openalex.org/W2034417563","https://openalex.org/W2040615703","https://openalex.org/W2045555847","https://openalex.org/W2046522752","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2068015060","https://openalex.org/W2073415627","https://openalex.org/W2075862701","https://openalex.org/W2082773934","https://openalex.org/W2085630237","https://openalex.org/W2085845250","https://openalex.org/W2090914728","https://openalex.org/W2111023939","https://openalex.org/W2111708605","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2112615110","https://openalex.org/W2115022330","https://openalex.org/W2116039228","https://openalex.org/W2116450608","https://openalex.org/W2119885577","https://openalex.org/W2126356486","https://openalex.org/W2134784378","https://openalex.org/W2135125135","https://openalex.org/W2142517301","https://openalex.org/W2146591355","https://openalex.org/W2151095918","https://openalex.org/W3021014091","https://openalex.org/W6633449523","https://openalex.org/W6662453215","https://openalex.org/W6674965383"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Closeness":[0],"centrality,":[1],"first":[2],"considered":[3],"by":[4,34],"Bavelas":[5,35],"(1948),":[6],"is":[7,18,42],"an":[8],"importance":[9],"measure":[10],"of":[11],"a":[12,15],"node":[13,25],"in":[14],"network":[16],"which":[17],"based":[19],"on":[20],"the":[21,24,46],"distances":[22],"from":[23],"to":[26,49],"all":[27,50],"other":[28,51],"nodes.":[29,52],"The":[30],"classic":[31],"definition,":[32],"proposed":[33],"(1950),":[36],"Beauchamp":[37],"(1965),":[38],"and":[39],"Sabidussi":[40],"(1966),":[41],"(the":[43],"inverse":[44],"of)":[45],"average":[47],"distance":[48]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}