{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159566525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660312","title":"Harvesting High Value Foreign Currency Transactions from EMV Contactless Credit Cards Without the PIN","display_name":"Harvesting High Value Foreign Currency Transactions from EMV Contactless Credit Cards Without the PIN","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159566525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660312","mag":"2159566525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660267.2660312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053832957","display_name":"Martin Emms","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6504-0132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Emms","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025663670","display_name":"Budi Arief","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-1587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Budi Arief","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016733090","display_name":"Leo Freitas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-563X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Freitas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067145839","display_name":"Joseph Hannon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Hannon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072969450","display_name":"Aad van Moorsel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7233-6943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aad van Moorsel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053832957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96909197,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"716","last_page":"726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7405279874801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/currency","display_name":"Currency","score":0.6545396447181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.5137039422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5034682154655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49103784561157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4846509099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commerce","display_name":"Commerce","score":0.38886937499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.26005756855010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.19893905520439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-economics","display_name":"Monetary economics","score":0.16173380613327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09914889931678772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7405279874801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.6545396447181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5137039422988892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5034682154655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49103784561157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4846509099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.38886937499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.26005756855010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19893905520439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.16173380613327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09914889931678772}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660267.2660312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kar.kent.ac.uk:54148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660312>)","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196264","display_name":"Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I20581793","host_organization_name":"University of Kent","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20581793"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1018.1197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1018.1197","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eprint.ncl.ac.uk/file_store/production/206086/D5A3040D-71FE-4275-BB4C-9A31767CDE92.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprint.ncl.ac.uk:206086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402485","display_name":"Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","host_organization_name":"Newcastle University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2562238522","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/L002213/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5549584010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G066019/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5631461310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K003410/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6567743404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G066019/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8461750633","display_name":"Cybercrime Network","funder_award_id":"EP/K003410/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","display_name":"Research Councils UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00dq2kk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71736232","https://openalex.org/W220935706","https://openalex.org/W1490052377","https://openalex.org/W2096473396","https://openalex.org/W2143190626","https://openalex.org/W2318857203","https://openalex.org/W3028895824","https://openalex.org/W3200788958","https://openalex.org/W4210651582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W4387389211","https://openalex.org/W2059272164","https://openalex.org/W4234804953"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,140],"this":[1,85],"paper":[2,96],"we":[3,63],"present":[4],"an":[5],"attack,":[6],"which":[7,37,114,152,200],"allows":[8,38],"fraudulent":[9,115,193],"transactions":[10,46,74,194],"to":[11,42,79,123,133,156,164,170],"be":[12,157,183,202],"collected":[13],"from":[14,136],"EMV":[15,35,39,107,209],"contactless":[16,40,89],"credit":[17,68],"and":[18,109,150,162],"debit":[19],"cards":[20,41,69],"without":[21,47,81],"the":[22,25,48,52,82,87,93,103,106,121,130,137,142,159,206],"knowledge":[23],"of":[24],"cardholder.":[26],"The":[27,175],"attack":[28,173,176],"exploits":[29],"a":[30,58,111,124,146,186,196],"previously":[31],"unreported":[32],"vulnerability":[33],"in":[34,57,92,105,113,179,205],"protocol,":[36,108],"approve":[43,71],"unlimited":[44],"value":[45,147],"cardholder's":[49,83],"PIN":[50],"when":[51],"transaction":[53,90,116,131],"is":[54,153,177],"carried":[55],"out":[56],"foreign":[59,72],"currency.":[60],"For":[61],"example,":[62],"have":[64],"found":[65],"that":[66,101,180],"Visa":[67],"will":[70],"currency":[73],"for":[75,195],"any":[76],"amount":[77],"up":[78],"\u2208999,999.99":[80],"PIN,":[84],"side-steps":[86],"\u00a320":[88],"limit":[91],"UK.":[94],"This":[95],"outlines":[97],"our":[98],"analysis":[99],"methodology":[100],"identified":[102],"flaw":[104],"presents":[110],"scenario":[112],"details":[117],"are":[118,211],"transmitted":[119],"over":[120],"Internet":[122],"\"rogue":[125],"merchant\"":[126],"who":[127],"then":[128],"uses":[129],"data":[132],"take":[134],"money":[135],"victim's":[138,160],"account.":[139],"reality,":[141],"criminals":[143],"would":[144],"choose":[145],"between":[148],"\u2208100":[149],"\u2208200,":[151],"low":[154],"enough":[155,169],"within":[158],"balance":[161],"not":[163],"raise":[165],"suspicion,":[166],"but":[167],"high":[168],"make":[171],"each":[172],"worthwhile.":[174],"novel":[178],"it":[181],"could":[182],"operated":[184],"on":[185],"large":[187],"scale":[188],"with":[189],"multiple":[190],"attackers":[191],"collecting":[192],"central":[197],"rogue":[198],"merchant":[199],"can":[201],"located":[203],"anywhere":[204],"world":[207],"where":[208],"payments":[210],"accepted.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
