{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025553284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660273","title":"Are You Ready to Lock?","display_name":"Are You Ready to Lock?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025553284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660273","mag":"2025553284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660267.2660273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660273","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000020874","display_name":"Serge Egelman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2288-0785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297971548","display_name":"International Computer Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ewh7m12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Serge Egelman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley & International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley & International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley & International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley & International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101534253","display_name":"Sakshi Jain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakshi Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040393480","display_name":"Rebecca S. Portnoff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca S. Portnoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011302854","display_name":"Kerwell Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerwell Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063188030","display_name":"Sunny Consolvo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-328X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunny Consolvo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062174672","display_name":"David Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-4273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000020874"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548","https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":44.9672,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":130,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99805187,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"750","last_page":"761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6754601001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6224026083946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5952497124671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.5596369504928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sensitivity","display_name":"Information sensitivity","score":0.48107147216796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4310234785079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4158191680908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.41115519404411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.39650648832321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3562471866607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1737525463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08849331736564636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6754601001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6224026083946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5952497124671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.5596369504928589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.48107147216796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4310234785079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4158191680908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.41115519404411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39650648832321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3562471866607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1737525463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08849331736564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2660267.2660273","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2660267.2660273","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1765656527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1318680","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","funder_display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3318893691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ISTC for Secure Computing","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","funder_display_name":"Intel Corporation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdzmk74"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W170161968","https://openalex.org/W1626992774","https://openalex.org/W1873414311","https://openalex.org/W1964160137","https://openalex.org/W1973831058","https://openalex.org/W1976081290","https://openalex.org/W1988463028","https://openalex.org/W2011150020","https://openalex.org/W2021124779","https://openalex.org/W2030112111","https://openalex.org/W2032079351","https://openalex.org/W2041145152","https://openalex.org/W2044556295","https://openalex.org/W2044798763","https://openalex.org/W2045591401","https://openalex.org/W2066741414","https://openalex.org/W2073947527","https://openalex.org/W2075808188","https://openalex.org/W2083295738","https://openalex.org/W2107816859","https://openalex.org/W2107911557","https://openalex.org/W2107999488","https://openalex.org/W2131254288","https://openalex.org/W2136781735","https://openalex.org/W2145985203","https://openalex.org/W2146691185","https://openalex.org/W2151854612","https://openalex.org/W2160828020","https://openalex.org/W2163582782","https://openalex.org/W2167956239","https://openalex.org/W2170568675","https://openalex.org/W2181155974","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W3171824378","https://openalex.org/W6676294058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W657290097","https://openalex.org/W2088583206","https://openalex.org/W118448456","https://openalex.org/W2596305496","https://openalex.org/W2213445138","https://openalex.org/W4252558677","https://openalex.org/W4308116883","https://openalex.org/W3161819907","https://openalex.org/W2138884076","https://openalex.org/W2290534421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,23],"addition":[1],"to":[2,25,51,78,86,127],"storing":[3],"a":[4,94,101],"plethora":[5],"of":[6,34,65,106],"sensitive":[7,88],"personal":[8],"and":[9,19,29,57,60,83,109,138],"work":[10],"information,":[11],"smartphones":[12,133],"also":[13,118],"store":[14],"sensor":[15],"data":[16,67,89,129],"about":[17,62],"users":[18,46,122],"their":[20,35,58,70,132,135],"daily":[21],"activities.":[22],"order":[24],"understand":[26],"users'":[27],"behaviors":[28],"attitudes":[30],"towards":[31],"the":[32,63,66,84,125],"security":[33,107],"smartphone":[36],"data,":[37],"we":[38,117],"conducted":[39],"28":[40],"qualitative":[41],"interviews.":[42],"We":[43,72,99],"examined":[44],"why":[45],"choose":[47,49],"(or":[48],"not)":[50],"employ":[52],"locking":[53],"mechanisms":[54],"(e.g.,":[55],"PINs)":[56],"perceptions":[59],"awareness":[61],"sensitivity":[64],"stored":[68,130],"on":[69,131],"devices.":[71],"performed":[73],"two":[74],"additional":[75],"online":[76,137],"experiments":[77],"quantify":[79],"our":[80],"interview":[81],"results":[82],"extent":[85,126],"which":[87,112,128],"could":[90],"be":[91],"found":[92],"in":[93],"user's":[95],"smartphone-accessible":[96],"email":[97],"archive.":[98],"observed":[100,119],"strong":[102],"correlation":[103],"between":[104],"use":[105],"features":[108],"risk":[110],"perceptions,":[111],"indicates":[113],"rational":[114],"behavior.":[115],"However,":[116],"that":[120],"most":[121],"likely":[123],"underestimate":[124],"pervades":[134],"identities,":[136],"offline.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}