{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051584480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659893","title":"A hybrid system for code switch point detection in informal Arabic text","display_name":"A hybrid system for code switch point detection in informal Arabic text","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051584480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659893","mag":"2051584480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2659893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181451","display_name":"XRDS Crossroads The ACM Magazine for Students","issn_l":"1528-4972","issn":["1528-4972","1528-4980"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077304103","display_name":"Heba Elfardy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heba Elfardy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073237528","display_name":"Mohamed Al-Badrashiny","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Al-Badrashiny","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University","george Washington University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"george Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038581447","display_name":"Mona Diab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-1436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Diab","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University","george Washington University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"george Washington University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84793334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"52","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.751794695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.6676499843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-switching","display_name":"Code-switching","score":0.604552149772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6013249158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5754896998405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4920777678489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4435182809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43453580141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.40121233463287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3211405873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.062374383211135864}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.751794695854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6676499843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.604552149772644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6013249158859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5754896998405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4920777678489685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4435182809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43453580141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.40121233463287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3211405873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.062374383211135864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2659893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210181451","display_name":"XRDS Crossroads The ACM Magazine for Students","issn_l":"1528-4972","issn":["1528-4972","1528-4980"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162697342","https://openalex.org/W408046128","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W2109704865","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2137498753","https://openalex.org/W2145867197","https://openalex.org/W2168677000","https://openalex.org/W2203920402","https://openalex.org/W2250278916","https://openalex.org/W2250414785","https://openalex.org/W2251986002","https://openalex.org/W2597684388","https://openalex.org/W2799915114","https://openalex.org/W4240298715","https://openalex.org/W4391418904","https://openalex.org/W6605374713","https://openalex.org/W6614291197","https://openalex.org/W6691129875","https://openalex.org/W6691363017"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771594921","https://openalex.org/W2432897346","https://openalex.org/W2181336723","https://openalex.org/W4389976243","https://openalex.org/W3158134258","https://openalex.org/W3138119129","https://openalex.org/W2940588741","https://openalex.org/W2293063924","https://openalex.org/W2974240475","https://openalex.org/W4388441038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"to":[1],"detect":[2],"the":[3],"switch":[4],"between":[5],"a":[6,9,13],"standard":[7],"and":[8,18],"dialectal":[10],"form":[11],"of":[12],"language":[14,25],"in":[15],"written":[16],"text":[17],"why":[19],"this":[20],"is":[21],"important":[22],"for":[23],"natural":[24],"processing":[26],"tasks.":[27]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}