{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006416652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659020","title":"ATHENA","display_name":"ATHENA","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006416652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659020","mag":"2006416652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2659020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184050","display_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","issn_l":"1556-4673","issn":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066740670","display_name":"Ruggero Pintus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-7068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruggero Pintus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, USA/CRS4, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, USA/CRS4, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115604899","display_name":"Ying Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9571-553X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, USA","#N# Yale University, USA#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# Yale University, USA#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064638062","display_name":"Holly Rushmeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holly Rushmeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University, USA","#N# Yale University, USA#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# Yale University, USA#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2466,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91934108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.668269157409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6257738471031189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4972272217273712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4751734137535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.46818578243255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.4655604660511017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-library","display_name":"Digital library","score":0.4400384724140167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.42994701862335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4211267828941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39889341592788696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3866463005542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3522009253501892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.1620166301727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.14422088861465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.14323732256889343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.14208927750587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literature","display_name":"Literature","score":0.12485629320144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.08253350853919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07224816083908081}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.668269157409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6257738471031189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4972272217273712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4751734137535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.46818578243255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.4655604660511017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513874922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212805","display_name":"Digital library","level":3,"score":0.4400384724140167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42994701862335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4211267828941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39889341592788696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3866463005542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3522009253501892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.1620166301727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.14422088861465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.14323732256889343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14208927750587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.12485629320144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.08253350853919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07224816083908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2659020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2659020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184050","display_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","issn_l":"1556-4673","issn":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306146","display_name":"Andrew W. Mellon Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsh2530"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129843952","https://openalex.org/W1484881293","https://openalex.org/W1507914755","https://openalex.org/W1542278998","https://openalex.org/W1544461933","https://openalex.org/W1591968955","https://openalex.org/W1607777186","https://openalex.org/W1827675484","https://openalex.org/W1968568012","https://openalex.org/W1977415836","https://openalex.org/W1978608969","https://openalex.org/W1981717329","https://openalex.org/W1982907973","https://openalex.org/W2001297828","https://openalex.org/W2005173844","https://openalex.org/W2006416652","https://openalex.org/W2020719504","https://openalex.org/W2021209973","https://openalex.org/W2026381598","https://openalex.org/W2038481242","https://openalex.org/W2050995497","https://openalex.org/W2060011982","https://openalex.org/W2071315556","https://openalex.org/W2073465796","https://openalex.org/W2079352267","https://openalex.org/W2084980974","https://openalex.org/W2093197312","https://openalex.org/W2096210305","https://openalex.org/W2098658853","https://openalex.org/W2099306567","https://openalex.org/W2103377156","https://openalex.org/W2104853049","https://openalex.org/W2106199535","https://openalex.org/W2109645316","https://openalex.org/W2110224595","https://openalex.org/W2110237603","https://openalex.org/W2111099669","https://openalex.org/W2111301113","https://openalex.org/W2127802104","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2134842516","https://openalex.org/W2141756865","https://openalex.org/W2148645152","https://openalex.org/W2149266633","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2151537777","https://openalex.org/W2160072137","https://openalex.org/W2161833674","https://openalex.org/W2162031011","https://openalex.org/W2162283425","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W3098821875","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298109262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3024364549","https://openalex.org/W4206019083","https://openalex.org/W2048865712","https://openalex.org/W1976265003","https://openalex.org/W2370378377","https://openalex.org/W2130160813","https://openalex.org/W2054476758","https://openalex.org/W2350613701","https://openalex.org/W2000569830","https://openalex.org/W4237510188"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Massive":[0],"digital":[1,28],"acquisition":[2],"and":[3,8,19,24,45,62,85,99,114,122],"preservation":[4],"of":[5,12,26,77,81],"deteriorating":[6],"historical":[7],"artistic":[9],"documents":[10],"is":[11,30],"particular":[13],"importance":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,119],"their":[17],"value":[18],"fragile":[20],"condition.":[21],"The":[22],"study":[23],"browsing":[25],"such":[27,90],"libraries":[29],"invaluable":[31],"for":[32,43],"scholars":[33],"in":[34],"the":[35],"Cultural":[36],"Heritage":[37],"field":[38],"but":[39],"requires":[40],"automatic":[41,53],"tools":[42],"analyzing":[44],"indexing":[46],"these":[47,108],"datasets.":[48],"We":[49],"present":[50],"two":[51,109],"completely":[52],"methods":[54,68,111],"requiring":[55],"no":[56],"human":[57],"intervention:":[58],"text":[59,63,101],"height":[60],"estimation":[61],"line":[64],"extraction.":[65],"Our":[66,103],"proposed":[67],"have":[69],"been":[70],"evaluated":[71],"on":[72],"a":[73],"huge":[74],"heterogeneous":[75],"corpus":[76],"illuminated":[78],"medieval":[79],"manuscripts":[80],"different":[82],"writing":[83],"styles":[84],"with":[86],"various":[87],"problematic":[88],"attributes,":[89],"as":[91],"holes,":[92],"spots,":[93],"ink":[94],"bleed-through,":[95],"ornamentation,":[96],"background":[97],"noise,":[98],"overlapping":[100],"lines.":[102],"experimental":[104],"results":[105],"demonstrate":[106],"that":[107],"new":[110],"are":[112],"efficient":[113],"reliable,":[115],"even":[116],"when":[117],"applied":[118],"very":[120],"noisy":[121],"damaged":[123],"old":[124],"handwritten":[125],"manuscripts.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}