{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047194288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2647868.2655019","title":"Emotional Analysis of Music","display_name":"Emotional Analysis of Music","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047194288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2647868.2655019","mag":"2047194288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2647868.2655019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2647868.2655019","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:74022","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024169758","display_name":"Mohammad Soleymani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-1434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","display_name":"University of Geneva","ror":"https://ror.org/01swzsf04","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Soleymani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Geneva, Carouge (GE), Switzerland","University of Geneva, Carouge (GE), Switzerland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Geneva, Carouge (GE), Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Geneva, Carouge (GE), Switzerland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039285905","display_name":"Anna Aljanaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7119-8312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Aljanaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061291906","display_name":"Yi\u2010Hsuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-6161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84653119","display_name":"Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/05bxb3784","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Hsuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Roc","Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Roc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081722449","display_name":"N. Michael","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael N. Caro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023264395","display_name":"Florian Eyben","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Eyben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039443541","display_name":"Konstantin Markov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-4789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141591182","display_name":"University of Aizu","ror":"https://ror.org/02pg0e883","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantin Markov","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141591182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043060302","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn W. Schuller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6478-8699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn W. Schuller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Munchen/ Imperial College London, Munich/London, Germany","Technische Universitat Munchen/ Imperial College London, Munich/London, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Munchen/ Imperial College London, Munich/London, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Munchen/ Imperial College London, Munich/London, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022137808","display_name":"Remco C. Veltkamp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1934-7170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remco Veltkamp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016747567","display_name":"Felix Weninger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Weninger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051417904","display_name":"Frans Wiering","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2984-8932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frans Wiering","raw_affiliation_strings":["Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024169758"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1217,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94685522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1161","last_page":"1164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10788","display_name":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7189928293228149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5060898661613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4998469352722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arousal","display_name":"Arousal","score":0.48153311014175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valence","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","score":0.481440007686615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.4687899053096771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.45571234822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4476604759693146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.44692301750183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.43571579456329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4046560823917389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1471070945262909}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7189928293228149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5060898661613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4998469352722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.48153311014175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.481440007686615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.4687899053096771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.45571234822273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4476604759693146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.44692301750183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.43571579456329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4046560823917389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1471070945262909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2647868.2655019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2647868.2655019","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Multimedia","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unige.ch:aou:unige:74022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:74022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402259","display_name":"Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","host_organization_name":"University of Geneva","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MM '14 Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimedia (2014)\\n           p. 1161-1164","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/303225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/303225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Part of book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uni-augsburg.opus-bayern.de:72554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/72554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400930","display_name":"OPUS (Augsburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119916105","host_organization_name":"Augsburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119916105"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"bookpart"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:unige.ch:aou:unige:74022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:74022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402259","display_name":"Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","host_organization_name":"University of Geneva","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MM '14 Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimedia (2014)\\n           p. 1161-1164","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148259815","https://openalex.org/W1855693260","https://openalex.org/W1983507146","https://openalex.org/W2040593830","https://openalex.org/W2082927806","https://openalex.org/W2133824856","https://openalex.org/W2136129419","https://openalex.org/W2341090665","https://openalex.org/W2408751413","https://openalex.org/W2486605727","https://openalex.org/W3217467030","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029072726","https://openalex.org/W91913183","https://openalex.org/W2936882366","https://openalex.org/W2736893848","https://openalex.org/W2128698257","https://openalex.org/W1544055438","https://openalex.org/W3003450285","https://openalex.org/W2013608943","https://openalex.org/W4399628019","https://openalex.org/W2085024878"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Music":[0],"as":[1],"a":[2,30,40,93,128,144,149],"form":[3,92],"of":[4,16,32,36,43,60,127,143],"art":[5],"is":[6],"intentionally":[7],"composed":[8],"to":[9,91,107],"be":[10],"emotionally":[11],"expressive.":[12],"The":[13],"emotional":[14,34],"features":[15],"music":[17,21,166],"are":[18],"invaluable":[19],"for":[20,164],"indexing":[22],"and":[23,50,70,86,102,119,148],"recommendation.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26,109],"paper":[27],"we":[28],"present":[29],"cross-comparison":[31],"automatic":[33],"analysis":[35],"music.":[37],"We":[38,115],"created":[39],"public":[41],"dataset":[42],"Creative":[44],"Commons":[45],"licensed":[46],"songs.":[47],"Using":[48],"valence":[49],"arousal":[51],"model,":[52],"the":[53,61,67,87,103,121,125,137,141,160],"songs":[54],"were":[55,64,89,105],"annotated":[56],"both":[57],"in":[58,111,136],"terms":[59],"emotions":[62],"that":[63,153],"expressed":[65],"by":[66],"whole":[68],"excerpt":[69],"dynamically":[71],"with":[72],"1":[73],"Hz":[74],"temporal":[75,155],"resolution.":[76],"Each":[77],"song":[78],"received":[79],"10":[80],"annotations":[81,88],"on":[82],"Amazon":[83],"Mechanical":[84],"Turk":[85],"averaged":[90],"ground":[94],"truth.":[95],"Four":[96],"different":[97],"systems":[98],"from":[99],"three":[100],"teams":[101],"organizers":[104],"employed":[106],"tackle":[108],"problem":[110],"an":[112],"open":[113],"challenge.":[114],"compare":[116],"their":[117],"performances":[118],"discuss":[120],"best":[122],"practices.":[123],"While":[124],"effect":[126],"larger":[129],"feature":[130,146],"set":[131,147],"was":[132],"not":[133],"very":[134],"apparent":[135],"static":[138],"emotion":[139,167],"estimation,":[140],"combination":[142],"comprehensive":[145],"recurrent":[150],"neural":[151],"network":[152],"models":[154],"dependencies":[156],"has":[157],"largely":[158],"outperformed":[159],"other":[161],"proposed":[162],"methods":[163],"dynamic":[165],"estimation.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
