{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127824378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637478","title":"Discriminative Training for Log-Linear Based SMT","display_name":"Discriminative Training for Log-Linear Based SMT","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127824378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637478","mag":"2127824378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2637478","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56575750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing","issn_l":"1530-0226","issn":["1530-0226","1558-3430"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005411806","display_name":"Lemao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-5768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lemao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology, China","Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038560914","display_name":"Tiejun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-5416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiejun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology, China","Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102396915","display_name":"Taro Watanabe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taro Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","National institute of information and communications technology, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National institute of information and communications technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040038124","display_name":"Hailong Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6842-8674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology, China","Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102790470","display_name":"Conghui Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3132-3059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conghui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology, China","Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,,,,,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005411806"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11211861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8472908139228821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.7900575399398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7503820657730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.6645188331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.649856448173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6264739036560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5661848187446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.5178742408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.5114489793777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4795105755329132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47439244389533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.4365946054458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.4249115586280823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.404804527759552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8472908139228821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.7900575399398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7503820657730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.6645188331604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.649856448173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6264739036560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5661848187446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.5178742408752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.5114489793777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4795105755329132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47439244389533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.4365946054458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.4249115586280823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.404804527759552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2637478","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2637478","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S56575750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing","issn_l":"1530-0226","issn":["1530-0226","1558-3430"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6715832259","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2011AA01A207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321540","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8186081017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61173073, 61100093","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321540","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91928571","https://openalex.org/W222053410","https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1574901103","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W1714704734","https://openalex.org/W1795026554","https://openalex.org/W1803332767","https://openalex.org/W1848260265","https://openalex.org/W1862810382","https://openalex.org/W1973923101","https://openalex.org/W1997859518","https://openalex.org/W2013138596","https://openalex.org/W2016518303","https://openalex.org/W2038221881","https://openalex.org/W2038276547","https://openalex.org/W2056763477","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2106334437","https://openalex.org/W2111142112","https://openalex.org/W2111362445","https://openalex.org/W2117840636","https://openalex.org/W2126610017","https://openalex.org/W2128972636","https://openalex.org/W2131969445","https://openalex.org/W2136477195","https://openalex.org/W2137143056","https://openalex.org/W2142623206","https://openalex.org/W2145790651","https://openalex.org/W2146574666","https://openalex.org/W2152263452","https://openalex.org/W2153653739","https://openalex.org/W2154124206","https://openalex.org/W2158195707","https://openalex.org/W2158364201","https://openalex.org/W2159755860","https://openalex.org/W2160218441","https://openalex.org/W2165828254","https://openalex.org/W2180952760","https://openalex.org/W2356613612","https://openalex.org/W2381922905","https://openalex.org/W2489487449","https://openalex.org/W2597684388","https://openalex.org/W3009009611","https://openalex.org/W3021999553","https://openalex.org/W3196758762","https://openalex.org/W3202911835","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W34164803","https://openalex.org/W2885553087","https://openalex.org/W2481351509","https://openalex.org/W2127824378","https://openalex.org/W3204941900","https://openalex.org/W3021107978","https://openalex.org/W2274408985","https://openalex.org/W1772447446","https://openalex.org/W2023104065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,82],"statistical":[1],"machine":[2],"translation,":[3],"the":[4,30,45,61,74,85,118,126,139,154,167,174,200,216],"standard":[5,86,197,217],"methods":[6,23,101,194,198],"such":[7],"as":[8],"MERT":[9],"tune":[10],"a":[11,17,48,91,150],"single":[12,92],"weight":[13,93,120],"with":[14,84,182,199],"regard":[15],"to":[16,29,54,102,165,204,213],"given":[18],"development":[19,49],"data.":[20],"However,":[21],"these":[22,104],"suffer":[24],"from":[25],"two":[26,105],"problems":[27],"due":[28],"diversity":[31],"and":[32,110,134,185],"uneven":[33],"distribution":[34],"of":[35,47,128,146,156,188,215],"source":[36],"sentences.":[37],"First,":[38],"their":[39,209],"performance":[40,57],"is":[41,66,71,94,132,149,211],"highly":[42],"dependent":[43],"on":[44,73,79],"choice":[46],"set,":[50],"which":[51,90],"may":[52],"lead":[53],"an":[55,161],"unstable":[56],"for":[58,121,138,153],"testing.":[59],"Second,":[60],"sentence":[62,80],"level":[63,76],"translation":[64,180],"quality":[65],"not":[67],"assured":[68],"since":[69],"tuning":[70,130],"performed":[72],"document":[75],"rather":[77],"than":[78],"level.":[81],"contrast":[83],"global":[87],"training":[88,100,109,169,189,193],"in":[89,112],"learned,":[95],"we":[96],"propose":[97,160],"novel":[98],"local":[99,157,168,192],"address":[103],"problems.":[106],"We":[107,159],"perform":[108],"testing":[111],"one":[113],"step":[114,131],"by":[115,172],"locally":[116],"learning":[117,135],"sentence-wise":[119,136],"each":[122,129],"input":[123],"sentence.":[124],"Since":[125],"time":[127],"unnegligible":[133],"weights":[137],"entire":[140],"test":[141],"set":[142],"means":[143],"many":[144],"passes":[145],"tuning,":[147],"it":[148],"great":[151],"challenge":[152],"efficiency":[155,210],"training.":[158],"efficient":[162],"two-phase":[163],"method":[164],"put":[166],"into":[170],"practice":[171],"employing":[173],"ultraconservative":[175],"update.":[176],"On":[177],"NIST":[178],"Chinese-to-English":[179],"tasks":[181],"both":[183],"medium":[184],"large":[186],"scales":[187],"data,":[190],"our":[191],"significantly":[195],"outperform":[196],"maximal":[201],"improvements":[202],"up":[203],"2.0":[205],"BLEU":[206],"points,":[207],"meanwhile":[208],"comparable":[212],"that":[214],"methods.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
