{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032986039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2632149","title":"Placing Sensors for Area Coverage in a Complex Environment by a Team of Robots","display_name":"Placing Sensors for Area Coverage in a Complex Environment by a Team of Robots","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032986039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2632149","mag":"2032986039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2632149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2632149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Placing_sensors_for_area_coverage_in_a_complex_environment_by_a_team_of_robots/20922289","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103517878","display_name":"Xu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-3203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115038","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/026venb53","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Canada, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Canada, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022485932","display_name":"Greg Fletcher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Fletcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048076896","display_name":"Amiya Nayak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4605-0500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amiya Nayak","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113663657","display_name":"Ivan Stojmenovi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["CA","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Stojmenovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, Canada; King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia","University of Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, Canada; King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I185163786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95001609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7608301639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6851884126663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5188106894493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.4968624413013458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.47548046708106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.45287004113197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.441313236951828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.4169670343399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3907839059829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3774501383304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17746758460998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.11663246154785156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7608301639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6851884126663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5188106894493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.4968624413013458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.47548046708106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45287004113197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.441313236951828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.4169670343399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3907839059829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3774501383304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17746758460998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.11663246154785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2632149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2632149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30072615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402457","display_name":"Deakin Research Online (Deakin University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20922289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Placing_sensors_for_area_coverage_in_a_complex_environment_by_a_team_of_robots/20922289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20922289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Placing_sensors_for_area_coverage_in_a_complex_environment_by_a_team_of_robots/20922289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W201772748","https://openalex.org/W1872203747","https://openalex.org/W1979282937","https://openalex.org/W1980495840","https://openalex.org/W2009062638","https://openalex.org/W2024639781","https://openalex.org/W2027430378","https://openalex.org/W2028130244","https://openalex.org/W2038386098","https://openalex.org/W2041876384","https://openalex.org/W2044959725","https://openalex.org/W2046312856","https://openalex.org/W2051157770","https://openalex.org/W2081565570","https://openalex.org/W2091343503","https://openalex.org/W2101337671","https://openalex.org/W2107667896","https://openalex.org/W2111036121","https://openalex.org/W2113739894","https://openalex.org/W2115721239","https://openalex.org/W2117768029","https://openalex.org/W2127843168","https://openalex.org/W2129903674","https://openalex.org/W2140736699","https://openalex.org/W2147024612","https://openalex.org/W2158158836","https://openalex.org/W2166165118","https://openalex.org/W2789274216","https://openalex.org/W4210451910","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047788632","https://openalex.org/W2123436641","https://openalex.org/W2965672371","https://openalex.org/W2118648141","https://openalex.org/W2058063222","https://openalex.org/W2151698195","https://openalex.org/W2041038525","https://openalex.org/W4238767900","https://openalex.org/W2352223314","https://openalex.org/W1971005644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"solutions":[1],"to":[2,90,95,101,133,154,198,204],"carrier-based":[3],"sensor":[4,93,111],"placement":[5],"by":[6,169],"a":[7,11,28,38,62,75,82,125,143,146,234],"single":[8,70],"robot":[9,71,144,168,256],"in":[10,74,213,249],"bounded":[12],"unknown":[13],"Region":[14],"of":[15,61,78,166,242],"Interest":[16],"(ROI)":[17],"do":[18],"not":[19],"guarantee":[20],"full":[21,39,184],"area":[22],"coverage":[23,40,185],"or":[24,66,189],"termination.":[25],"We":[26,129,174,193,209],"propose":[27],"novel":[29],"localized":[30],"algorithm,":[31],"named":[32],"Back-Tracking":[33],"Deployment":[34],"(BTD).":[35],"To":[36,115],"construct":[37],"solution":[41],"over":[42,162],"the":[43,57,91,119,131,163,216,243],"ROI,":[44,244],"mobile":[45],"robots":[46,136],"(carriers)":[47],"carry":[48],"static":[49],"sensors":[50],"as":[51],"payloads":[52],"and":[53,105,110,140,182,201,225,228,258],"drop":[54],"them":[55],"at":[56],"visited":[58],"empty":[59,97],"vertices":[60],"virtual":[63],"square,":[64],"triangular,":[65],"hexagonal":[67],"grid.":[68],"A":[69],"will":[72,150,160],"move":[73,138],"predefined":[76],"order":[77],"directional":[79],"preference":[80,153],"until":[81],"dead":[83,147],"end":[84],"is":[85,121],"reached.":[86],"Then":[87],"it":[88,149,159,248],"back-tracks":[89],"nearest":[92],"adjacent":[94],"an":[96,102,196,202],"vertex":[98],"(an":[99],"\u201centrance\u201d":[100],"unexplored/uncovered":[103],"area)":[104],"resumes":[106],"regular":[107],"forward":[108],"movement":[109,117],"dropping":[112],"from":[113],"there.":[114],"save":[116],"steps,":[118],"back-tracking":[120],"carried":[122],"out":[123],"along":[124],"locally":[126],"identified":[127],"shortcut.":[128],"extend":[130],"algorithm":[132],"support":[134],"multiple":[135],"that":[137,176],"independently":[139],"asynchronously.":[141],"Once":[142],"reaches":[145],"end,":[148],"back-track,":[151],"giving":[152],"its":[155],"own":[156],"path.":[157],"Otherwise,":[158],"take":[161],"back-track":[164],"path":[165],"another":[167],"consulting":[170],"with":[171,215],"neighboring":[172],"sensors.":[173],"prove":[175],"BTD":[177,212,246,251],"terminates":[178],"within":[179],"finite":[180],"time":[181],"produces":[183],"when":[186],"no":[187],"(sensor":[188],"robot)":[190],"failures":[191,200],"occur.":[192],"also":[194],"describe":[195],"approach":[197,203],"tolerate":[199],"balance":[205],"workload":[206],"among":[207],"robots.":[208],"then":[210],"evaluate":[211],"comparison":[214],"only":[217,240],"competing":[218],"algorithms":[219],"SLD":[220,238],"[Chang":[221],"et":[222],"al.":[223],"2009a]":[224],"LRV":[226],"[Batalin":[227],"Sukhatme":[229],"2004]":[230],"through":[231],"simulation.":[232],"In":[233],"specific":[235],"failure-free":[236],"scenario,":[237],"covers":[239,247],"40--50%":[241],"whereas":[245],"full.":[250],"involves":[252],"significantly":[253],"(80%)":[254],"less":[255],"moves":[257],"messages":[259],"than":[260],"LRV.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
