{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2066831657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2627534.2627536","title":"MultiDefender security games on networks","display_name":"MultiDefender security games on networks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2066831657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2627534.2627536","mag":"2066831657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2627534.2627536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2627534.2627536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187660","display_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0163-5999","issn":["0163-5999","1557-9484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085947375","display_name":"Andrew Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6025-9271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038669899","display_name":"Yevgeniy Vorobeychik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-5345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yevgeniy Vorobeychik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044975059","display_name":"Joshua Letchford","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Letchford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES, LIVERMORE, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.341,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88227754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"4","first_page":"4","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.958299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.9474999904632568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.9308712482452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7534510493278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.7247722744941711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5986529588699341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5083946585655212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4943974018096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.4775165617465973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/externality","display_name":"Externality","score":0.45216524600982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4243046045303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.3801751732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2748652696609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15353789925575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.11008739471435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economy","display_name":"Economy","score":0.10112658143043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.07647323608398438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.9308712482452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7534510493278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.7247722744941711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5986529588699341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5083946585655212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4943974018096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.4775165617465973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16118543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372","display_name":"Externality","level":2,"score":0.45216524600982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4243046045303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3801751732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2748652696609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15353789925575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11008739471435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.10112658143043518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.07647323608398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2627534.2627536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2627534.2627536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187660","display_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","issn_l":"0163-5999","issn":["0163-5999","1557-9484"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513707187","https://openalex.org/W1533392841","https://openalex.org/W1544003700","https://openalex.org/W1578630563","https://openalex.org/W1971309210","https://openalex.org/W2061820396","https://openalex.org/W2107381919","https://openalex.org/W2110504778","https://openalex.org/W2129749009","https://openalex.org/W2150744284","https://openalex.org/W2157317974","https://openalex.org/W2159149982","https://openalex.org/W2186819766","https://openalex.org/W2492629073","https://openalex.org/W3022590799","https://openalex.org/W3102219781","https://openalex.org/W4236841844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W4383533535","https://openalex.org/W2375814310","https://openalex.org/W4255938919","https://openalex.org/W4380353856","https://openalex.org/W2063146959","https://openalex.org/W2605497830","https://openalex.org/W3169439878","https://openalex.org/W2062756478","https://openalex.org/W2948291551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stackelberg":[0,74],"security":[1,17,83],"game":[2],"models":[3],"and":[4,24,110],"associated":[5],"computational":[6],"tools":[7],"have":[8],"seen":[9],"deployment":[10,30],"in":[11,60,79,82,113],"a":[12,36,52,88,94,98,104],"number":[13],"of":[14,72,106,125],"high-":[15],"consequence":[16],"settings,":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20],"LAX":[21],"canine":[22],"patrols":[23],"Federal":[25],"Air":[26],"Marshal":[27],"Service.":[28],"This":[29],"across":[31],"essentially":[32],"independent":[33],"agencies":[34],"raises":[35],"natural":[37],"question:":[38],"what":[39],"global":[40],"impact":[41],"does":[42],"the":[43,48,67],"resulting":[44],"strategic":[45],"interaction":[46],"among":[47,108],"defenders,":[49],"each":[50],"using":[51],"similar":[53],"model,":[54],"have?":[55],"We":[56],"address":[57],"this":[58,114],"question":[59],"two":[61],"ways.":[62],"First,":[63],"we":[64,92],"demonstrate":[65],"that":[66,112],"most":[68],"common":[69],"solution":[70,100],"concept":[71,101],"Strong":[73],"equilibrium":[75],"(SSE)":[76],"can":[77],"result":[78],"significant":[80,122],"under-investment":[81],"entirely":[84],"because":[85],"SSE":[86],"presupposes":[87],"single":[89],"defender.":[90],"Second,":[91],"propose":[93],"framework":[95,115],"based":[96],"on":[97],"different":[99],"which":[102],"incorporates":[103],"model":[105],"interdependencies":[107],"targets,":[109],"show":[111],"defenders":[116],"tend":[117],"to":[118],"over-defend,":[119],"even":[120],"under":[121],"positive":[123],"externalities":[124],"increased":[126],"defense.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}