{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168973404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2619239.2626301","title":"Geosphere","display_name":"Geosphere","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168973404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2619239.2626301","mag":"2168973404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2619239.2626301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2619239.2626301","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2619239.2626301","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2619239.2626301","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023023109","display_name":"Konstantinos Nikitopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-7748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Nikitopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101421760","display_name":"Juan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1642-6861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047095178","display_name":"Ben Congdon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Congdon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050964830","display_name":"Kyle Jamieson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-2867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle Jamieson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023023109"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9305,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92122748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"631","last_page":"642"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7979508638381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7137993574142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6595880389213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.5217172503471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5049868226051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5036658644676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4674537777900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.4634442627429962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.44647538661956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4365110993385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.3915877044200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.34725844860076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26765599846839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2314196228981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.09904459118843079}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7979508638381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7137993574142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6595880389213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5217172503471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5049868226051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5036658644676208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4674537777900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.4634442627429962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.44647538661956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4365110993385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.3915877044200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.34725844860076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26765599846839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2314196228981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.09904459118843079}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2619239.2626301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2619239.2626301","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2619239.2626301","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11138658800002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openresearch.surrey.ac.uk/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Geosphere-Consistently-turning-MIMO-capacity-into/99511799202346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:839315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/839315/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2619239.2626301","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2619239.2626301","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2619239.2626301","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6334377423","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"279976","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2168973404.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2168973404.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485732691","https://openalex.org/W1556923582","https://openalex.org/W1601166656","https://openalex.org/W1830563054","https://openalex.org/W1946663460","https://openalex.org/W1973641217","https://openalex.org/W1975286632","https://openalex.org/W1985260456","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2000871594","https://openalex.org/W2001319425","https://openalex.org/W2028077152","https://openalex.org/W2029779597","https://openalex.org/W2033922516","https://openalex.org/W2045099270","https://openalex.org/W2062378043","https://openalex.org/W2083668426","https://openalex.org/W2085495976","https://openalex.org/W2096077126","https://openalex.org/W2097578209","https://openalex.org/W2099429802","https://openalex.org/W2100617359","https://openalex.org/W2102211002","https://openalex.org/W2102774572","https://openalex.org/W2103053585","https://openalex.org/W2103300420","https://openalex.org/W2104621895","https://openalex.org/W2109246036","https://openalex.org/W2111626380","https://openalex.org/W2112772743","https://openalex.org/W2115237178","https://openalex.org/W2117238059","https://openalex.org/W2118425896","https://openalex.org/W2125526602","https://openalex.org/W2126304631","https://openalex.org/W2126483728","https://openalex.org/W2127309169","https://openalex.org/W2127359267","https://openalex.org/W2128491944","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2132601884","https://openalex.org/W2137218982","https://openalex.org/W2138293524","https://openalex.org/W2139821040","https://openalex.org/W2140940105","https://openalex.org/W2141145243","https://openalex.org/W2143927285","https://openalex.org/W2144561012","https://openalex.org/W2144916689","https://openalex.org/W2146102702","https://openalex.org/W2148978817","https://openalex.org/W2151268798","https://openalex.org/W2153156104","https://openalex.org/W2155098533","https://openalex.org/W2157709134","https://openalex.org/W2158795531","https://openalex.org/W2160897074","https://openalex.org/W2162855518","https://openalex.org/W2164536085","https://openalex.org/W2165394982","https://openalex.org/W2165934581","https://openalex.org/W2170833222","https://openalex.org/W2171470636","https://openalex.org/W2293181060","https://openalex.org/W2964136246","https://openalex.org/W2979307260","https://openalex.org/W3191210297","https://openalex.org/W6629299638","https://openalex.org/W6679120900","https://openalex.org/W6682774211","https://openalex.org/W6799558924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W3196902411","https://openalex.org/W2064534496","https://openalex.org/W2139936226","https://openalex.org/W1970526599","https://openalex.org/W3026565890","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W2161389097","https://openalex.org/W1970720357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,47,55,73,107,133,168,173],"design":[4,13],"and":[5,11,124,158,205],"implementation":[6],"of":[7,29,45,141,148,198],"Geosphere,":[8],"a":[9,32,39,43,92,118,177],"physical-":[10],"link-layer":[12],"for":[14,172],"access":[15],"point-based":[16],"MIMO":[17,33,74,197,211],"wireless":[18,56,115,134],"networks":[19],"that":[20,97,127,190],"consistently":[21],"improves":[22],"network":[23],"throughput.":[24,67],"To":[25,105],"send":[26],"multiple":[27],"streams":[28,51],"data":[30,50],"in":[31,69,86,102,153,163,176,200,207],"system,":[34],"prior":[35],"designs":[36],"rely":[37],"on":[38],"technique":[40,96],"called":[41],"zero-forcing,":[42],"way":[44],"\"nulling\"":[46],"interference":[48],"between":[49],"by":[52,144],"mathematically":[53],"inverting":[54],"channel":[57,75],"matrix.":[58],"In":[59],"general,":[60],"zero-forcing":[61],"is":[62],"highly":[63],"effective,":[64],"significantly":[65],"improving":[66],"But":[68],"certain":[70],"physical":[71],"situations,":[72],"matrix":[76],"can":[77,98],"become":[78],"\"poorly":[79],"conditioned,\"":[80],"harming":[81],"performance.":[82],"With":[83],"these":[84],"situations":[85],"mind,":[87],"Geosphere":[88,121,165,191],"uses":[89],"sphere":[90,108,169],"decoding,":[91],"more":[93],"computationally":[94],"demanding":[95],"achieve":[99],"higher":[100],"throughput":[101,193],"such":[103],"channels.":[104],"overcome":[106],"decoder's":[109],"computational":[110,139,151],"complexity":[111,140],"when":[112],"sending":[113],"dense":[114],"constellations":[116],"at":[117],"high":[119],"rate,":[120],"introduces":[122],"search":[123],"pruning":[125],"techniques":[126,137],"incorporate":[128],"novel":[129],"geometric":[130],"reasoning":[131],"about":[132],"constellation.":[135],"These":[136],"reduce":[138],"256-QAM":[142,182],"systems":[143,160,204],"almost":[145],"one":[146],"order":[147],"magnitude,":[149],"bringing":[150],"demands":[152],"line":[154],"with":[155],"current":[156],"16-":[157],"64-QAM":[159],"already":[161],"realized":[162],"ASIC.":[164],"thus":[166],"makes":[167],"decoder":[170],"practical":[171],"first":[174],"time":[175],"4":[178,180,201,203],"\u00d7":[179,202,209],"MIMO,":[181],"system.":[183],"Results":[184],"from":[185],"our":[186],"WARP":[187],"testbed":[188],"show":[189],"achieves":[192],"gains":[194],"over":[195],"multi-user":[196],"2\u00d7":[199],"47%":[206],"2":[208,210],"systems.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}