{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061104793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2591888.2591898","title":"Evaluating the accessibility and usability of top Saudi e-government services","display_name":"Evaluating the accessibility and usability of top Saudi e-government services","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061104793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2591888.2591898","mag":"2061104793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2591888.2591898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2591888.2591898","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066456696","display_name":"Auhood Alfaries","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Auhood Al-Faries","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063710079","display_name":"Hend S. Al\u2010Khalifa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7328-4935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hend S. Al-Khalifa","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030457122","display_name":"Muna Al\u2010Razgan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-3867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muna S. Al-Razgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053378362","display_name":"Mashael Al-Duwais","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mashael Al-Duwais","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066456696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97672854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"60","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9420999884605408,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.9243204593658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.6835845112800598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6142394542694092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5020980834960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4767816364765167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-usability","display_name":"Web usability","score":0.4693242907524109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.45274031162261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.44746217131614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-government","display_name":"E-Government","score":0.4368603825569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4174690842628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.38410234451293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3281998634338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.181142657995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12183776497840881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.08707252144813538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.08075395226478577}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.9243204593658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.6835845112800598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6142394542694092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5020980834960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4767816364765167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4237393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1636686","display_name":"Web usability","level":3,"score":0.4693242907524109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.45274031162261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.44746217131614685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170007233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211017","display_name":"E-Government","level":3,"score":0.4368603825569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4174690842628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.38410234451293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3281998634338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.181142657995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12183776497840881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.08707252144813538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.08075395226478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2591888.2591898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2591888.2591898","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W110194306","https://openalex.org/W139144403","https://openalex.org/W1550888370","https://openalex.org/W1581185873","https://openalex.org/W2003529552","https://openalex.org/W2040102363","https://openalex.org/W2053021631","https://openalex.org/W2108386439","https://openalex.org/W2113764719","https://openalex.org/W2144802976","https://openalex.org/W2161346658","https://openalex.org/W2187016150","https://openalex.org/W2261300951","https://openalex.org/W4244458691","https://openalex.org/W6676807391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899155876","https://openalex.org/W4312686479","https://openalex.org/W3212363454","https://openalex.org/W2751474","https://openalex.org/W2265559340","https://openalex.org/W4205845590","https://openalex.org/W2075589668","https://openalex.org/W2504368592","https://openalex.org/W2535695755","https://openalex.org/W3165016276"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"E-Government":[0],"services":[1,21,83,99],"offer":[2],"citizens":[3,25],"an":[4,36],"easy":[5],"way":[6],"to":[7,24,26,39,62,110,117],"accomplish":[8],"their":[9],"work":[10,107],"anytime":[11],"and":[12,17,43,66,102,115],"anywhere.":[13],"Ensuring":[14],"the":[15,41,60,67,80,91],"accessibility":[16,42,55,88],"usability":[18,44,68],"of":[19,45,49,96],"such":[20],"is":[22,108],"crucial":[23],"allow":[27],"smooth":[28],"online":[29],"transaction.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32],"paper":[33],"we":[34],"present":[35],"empirical":[37],"study":[38],"investigate":[40],"a":[46],"representative":[47],"sample":[48],"top":[50],"Saudi":[51],"e-government":[52],"services.":[53],"The":[54],"will":[56,69],"be":[57,70],"based":[58,71],"on":[59,72],"compliance":[61],"WCAG":[63],"2.0":[64],"recommendations,":[65],"expert":[73],"reviews.":[74],"Our":[75],"evaluation":[76],"results":[77],"show":[78],"that":[79],"examined":[81],"e-Government":[82],"have":[84],"one":[85],"or":[86],"more":[87,113],"violations.":[89],"On":[90],"other":[92],"hand,":[93],"in":[94],"terms":[95],"usability,":[97],"most":[98],"were":[100],"usable":[101],"well":[103],"designed,":[104],"thus":[105],"little":[106],"recommended":[109],"make":[111],"them":[112],"user-friendly":[114],"attractive":[116],"citizen.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}