{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2035770760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578726.2578779","title":"Robust aggregation of GWAP tracks for local image annotation","display_name":"Robust aggregation of GWAP tracks for local image annotation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2035770760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578726.2578779","mag":"2035770760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578726.2578779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578726.2578779","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015035121","display_name":"Carlo Bernaschina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3872-4595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Bernaschina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024296934","display_name":"Piero Fraternali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-2625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Fraternali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110649484","display_name":"L. Galli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Galli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038451647","display_name":"Davide Martinenghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2726-7683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Martinenghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033341878","display_name":"Marco Tagliasacchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-6795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Tagliasacchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano (Italy)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015035121"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83212762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"403","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8329532146453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.7426846027374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.6340497732162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6041389107704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5821322202682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.5731273889541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5679394006729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5501936674118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.5481945276260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.5174570679664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4994020462036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.49603137373924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4896412491798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4825698435306549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4483909010887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3417545557022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08595463633537292}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8329532146453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.7426846027374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.6340497732162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6041389107704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5821322202682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.5731273889541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5679394006729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5501936674118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.5481945276260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.5174570679664612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4994020462036133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.49603137373924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4896412491798401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4825698435306549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4483909010887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3417545557022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08595463633537292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578726.2578779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578726.2578779","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.664.5374","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.664.5374","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://home.deib.polimi.it/tagliasa/publications/2014/2014_ICMR_Tagliasacchi.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/824782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/824782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9014458","https://openalex.org/W1514923623","https://openalex.org/W1970381522","https://openalex.org/W2020847903","https://openalex.org/W2024958160","https://openalex.org/W2056997037","https://openalex.org/W2066347829","https://openalex.org/W2080942732","https://openalex.org/W2125943921","https://openalex.org/W2142518823","https://openalex.org/W2143183660","https://openalex.org/W2149489787","https://openalex.org/W2163522723","https://openalex.org/W2164124780","https://openalex.org/W2331036808","https://openalex.org/W2404484773","https://openalex.org/W2535410496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3032998312","https://openalex.org/W135177976","https://openalex.org/W4384486036","https://openalex.org/W1503094549","https://openalex.org/W2337920774","https://openalex.org/W4286908577","https://openalex.org/W2886410948","https://openalex.org/W2376984068","https://openalex.org/W2506386910","https://openalex.org/W2117928543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,131],"possibility":[1],"of":[2,19,32,89,104,114,124,139,164],"assigning":[3],"labels":[4],"to":[5,29,58,75,100,120,127,149],"localized":[6],"regions":[7],"in":[8],"an":[9],"image":[10,13,105,158,166],"enables":[11],"flexible":[12],"retrieval":[14],"paradigms.":[15],"However,":[16],"the":[17,30,87,91,112,122,125,137,151,157,162],"process":[18],"automatically":[20,135],"segmenting":[21],"and":[22,161],"tagging":[23],"images":[24],"is":[25,147],"notoriously":[26],"hard,":[27],"due":[28],"presence":[31],"occlusions,":[33],"noise,":[34],"challenging":[35,102],"illumination":[36],"conditions,":[37],"background":[38],"clutter,":[39],"etc.":[40],"For":[41,63],"this":[42,83],"reason,":[43],"human":[44,80,140],"computation":[45],"has":[46],"recently":[47],"emerged":[48],"as":[49],"a":[50,60,67,71,96],"viable":[51],"alternative":[52],"when":[53],"computer":[54],"vision":[55],"algorithms":[56],"fail":[57],"provide":[59],"satisfactory":[61],"answer.":[62],"example,":[64],"Games":[65],"with":[66],"purpose":[68],"(GWAP)":[69],"represent":[70],"powerful":[72],"crowdsourcing":[73],"mechanism":[74],"collect":[76],"implicit":[77],"annotations":[78],"from":[79],"players.":[81],"In":[82,108],"paper":[84],"we":[85,98,110],"consider":[86,111],"problem":[88],"aggregating":[90],"gaming":[92,152],"tracks":[93],"collected":[94],"by":[95],"GWAP":[97],"developed":[99],"solve":[101],"instances":[103],"segmentation":[106,159],"problems.":[107],"particular":[109],"existence":[113],"malicious":[115],"players,":[116,141],"who":[117],"might":[118],"try":[119],"fool":[121],"rules":[123],"game":[126],"achieve":[128],"higher":[129],"rewards.":[130],"proposed":[132],"solution":[133],"can":[134],"estimate":[136],"reliability":[138],"thus":[142,154],"identifying":[143],"cheaters.":[144],"This":[145],"information":[146],"exploited":[148],"aggregate":[150],"tracks,":[153],"significantly":[155],"improving":[156],"result":[160],"quality":[163],"local":[165],"annotations.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
