{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144727592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578211","title":"What influences dwell time during source code reading?","display_name":"What influences dwell time during source code reading?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144727592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578211","mag":"2144727592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578153.2578211","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578211","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050122444","display_name":"Teresa Busjahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-9828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Teresa Busjahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018344574","display_name":"Roman Bednarik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-3520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","display_name":"University of Eastern Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107997","display_name":"Finland University","ror":"https://ror.org/014rks409","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107997"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Bednarik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Eastern Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Eastern Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107997","https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038084384","display_name":"Carsten Schulte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-4904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Schulte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050122444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5224,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95821101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"335","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9416000247001648,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8674837350845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.7342544794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.6476208567619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.5530251264572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5032469630241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.49613699316978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.48216336965560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4685545563697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4317692518234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.4299311339855194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.2751525342464447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.15503787994384766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8674837350845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.7342544794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.6476208567619324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.5530251264572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5032469630241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.49613699316978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48216336965560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4685545563697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4317692518234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.4299311339855194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2751525342464447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15503787994384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578153.2578211","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578211","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553564015","https://openalex.org/W1572739102","https://openalex.org/W1644882639","https://openalex.org/W1964424952","https://openalex.org/W1966036881","https://openalex.org/W1975294938","https://openalex.org/W1994430266","https://openalex.org/W2013112874","https://openalex.org/W2014197700","https://openalex.org/W2015480071","https://openalex.org/W2102804490","https://openalex.org/W2115998851","https://openalex.org/W2120695302","https://openalex.org/W2142391150","https://openalex.org/W2809840185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378651134","https://openalex.org/W4252684102","https://openalex.org/W2352307597","https://openalex.org/W1979633005","https://openalex.org/W2163724607","https://openalex.org/W3135403405","https://openalex.org/W3120493416","https://openalex.org/W2098192829","https://openalex.org/W3081644756","https://openalex.org/W3029691491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"knowledge":[1,27],"about":[2,13],"reading":[3,19,118,157],"behavior":[4],"in":[5,46],"natural-language":[6,155],"text":[7,156],"is":[8,11,28,106,120],"abundant,":[9],"little":[10,117],"known":[12],"the":[14,73,79,88,94,127,136],"visual":[15],"attention":[16,66,105,128],"distribution":[17,67],"when":[18],"source":[20,55,162],"code":[21,69,163],"of":[22,110,135],"computer":[23],"programs.":[24],"Yet,":[25],"this":[26],"important":[29],"for":[30,143],"teaching":[31],"programming":[32,40],"skills":[33],"as":[34,36,164],"well":[35],"designing":[37],"IDEs":[38],"and":[39,57,114,131],"languages.":[41],"We":[42,124],"conducted":[43],"a":[44,133],"study":[45,65],"which":[47],"15":[48],"programmers":[49],"with":[50],"various":[51],"expertise":[52],"read":[53],"short":[54],"codes":[56],"recorded":[58],"their":[59],"eye":[60,80],"movements.":[61],"In":[62],"order":[63],"to":[64,161],"on":[68,97,122,129,138,154],"elements,":[70],"we":[71,77,91],"introduced":[72],"following":[74],"procedure:":[75],"First":[76],"(pre)-processed":[78],"movement":[81],"data":[82],"using":[83],"log-transformation.":[84],"Taking":[85],"into":[86],"account":[87],"word":[89],"lengths,":[90],"then":[92],"analyzed":[93],"time":[95,119],"spent":[96,121],"different":[98],"lexical":[99],"elements.":[100],"It":[101],"shows":[102],"that":[103,150],"most":[104],"oriented":[107],"towards":[108],"understanding":[109],"identifiers,":[111],"operators,":[112],"keywords":[113,130],"literals,":[115],"relatively":[116],"separators.":[123],"further":[125],"inspected":[126],"provide":[132],"description":[134],"gaze":[137],"these":[139],"primary":[140],"building":[141],"blocks":[142],"any":[144],"formal":[145],"language.":[146],"The":[147],"analysis":[148],"indicates":[149],"approaches":[151],"from":[152],"research":[153],"can":[158],"be":[159],"applied":[160],"well,":[165],"however":[166],"not":[167],"without":[168],"review.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
