{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058570173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578203","title":"Simulating refraction and reflection of ocular surfaces for algorithm validation in outdoor mobile eye tracking videos","display_name":"Simulating refraction and reflection of ocular surfaces for algorithm validation in outdoor mobile eye tracking videos","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058570173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578203","mag":"2058570173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578153.2578203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088600618","display_name":"Thomas B. Kinsman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155173764","display_name":"Rochester Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yb702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas B. Kinsman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","Rochester institute of Technology, Rochester, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038705688","display_name":"Jeff B. Pelz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-3876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155173764","display_name":"Rochester Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yb702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Pelz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","Rochester institute of Technology, Rochester, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester institute of Technology, Rochester, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13098357,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"311","last_page":"314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pupil","display_name":"Pupil","score":0.866868257522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refraction","display_name":"Refraction","score":0.7349476218223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7092860341072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6475653648376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","score":0.6474698185920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6327053308486938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cornea","display_name":"Cornea","score":0.6277421712875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.5594249963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5486578941345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5452419519424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5056869983673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.4993894100189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrance-pupil","display_name":"Entrance pupil","score":0.433383971452713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.18493002653121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1722901165485382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07523375749588013}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173318","display_name":"Pupil","level":2,"score":0.866868257522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205318122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72277","display_name":"Refraction","level":2,"score":0.7349476218223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7092860341072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6475653648376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779503344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973514","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","level":3,"score":0.6474698185920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6327053308486938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776882836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168291","display_name":"Cornea","level":2,"score":0.6277421712875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5594249963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5486578941345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5452419519424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5056869983673096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.4993894100189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99954952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359518","display_name":"Entrance pupil","level":3,"score":0.433383971452713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.18493002653121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1722901165485382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07523375749588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/2578153.2578203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7221662695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"909588","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484673681","https://openalex.org/W1490482062","https://openalex.org/W2062901760","https://openalex.org/W2072744337","https://openalex.org/W2109088621","https://openalex.org/W2127392200","https://openalex.org/W2158363907","https://openalex.org/W2415492117","https://openalex.org/W2419312712","https://openalex.org/W4300122376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034835805","https://openalex.org/W1987236632","https://openalex.org/W2398428658","https://openalex.org/W4323241006","https://openalex.org/W2414735499","https://openalex.org/W4221158663","https://openalex.org/W3167394170","https://openalex.org/W3035901875","https://openalex.org/W2982686297","https://openalex.org/W2625645584"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"create":[1],"input":[2,111],"videos":[3,112],"for":[4,9,113],"testing":[5,114],"pupil":[6,80,97,102,119,128],"detection":[7,120],"algorithms":[8],"outdoor":[10],"eye":[11,19,60],"tracking,":[12],"we":[13],"develop":[14],"a":[15],"simulation":[16,66],"of":[17,23,30,58,67,105,118,130],"the":[18,24,27,31,36,55,59,75,79,93,115,127],"with":[20,61],"front-surface":[21],"reflections":[22,62],"cornea":[25,32],"and":[26,33,38,43,50,63,88,99,121,133],"internal":[28],"refractions":[29],"refraction":[34,68],"at":[35],"air/cornea":[37],"cornea/aqueous":[39],"boundaries.":[40],"The":[41,65],"scene":[42],"iris":[44],"are":[45,51,107],"simulated":[46],"using":[47],"texture":[48],"mapping":[49],"alpha-blended":[52],"to":[53,73,89,109],"produce":[54,110],"final":[56],"image":[57],"refractions.":[64],"is":[69],"important":[70],"in":[71],"order":[72],"observe":[74],"elliptical":[76],"shape":[77],"that":[78],"takes":[81],"on":[82],"as":[83],"it":[84],"goes":[85],"off":[86],"axis,":[87],"take":[90],"into":[91],"consideration":[92],"difference":[94],"between":[95],"true":[96],"position":[98],"apparent":[100],"(entrance)":[101],"position.":[103],"Sequences":[104],"images":[106],"combined":[108],"next":[116],"generation":[117],"tracking":[122],"algorithms,":[123],"which":[124],"must":[125],"sort":[126],"out":[129],"distracting":[131],"edges":[132],"reflected":[134],"objects.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}